PREAMBLE
........................................................ 3THE CIVIL LAW
Including
The Twelve Tables, The Institutes of Gaius, The Rules of
Ulpian, The Opinions of Paulus, The Enactments
of Justinian, and The
Constitutions of Leo:
Translated from the original Latin,
edited, and
compared with all accessible systems
of jurisprudence ancient and
modern.
By S. P. SCOTT, A. M.
Author of "History of the Moorish
Empire in Europe,"
Translator of
the "Visigothic Code"
IN SEVENTEEN VOLUMES
VOL. II.
Cincinnati
The Central Trust Company
Executor of the Estate Samuel P. Scott, Deceased
Publishers
Copyright, 1932
by the Central Trust Company
Executor of the Estate Samuel P. Scott, Deceased
[Copyright expired
without renewal]
CONTENTS OF VOLUME II.
V.
THE ENACTMENTS OF JUSTINIAN. I.
THE INSTITUTES.
PAGE
PREAMBLE
........................................................ 3
BOOK I.
TITLE I. CONCERNING JUSTICE AND LAW.................................... 5
TITLE II. CONCERNING NATURAL LAW, THE LAW OF NATIONS, AND THE CIVIL LAW . 5
TITLE III. CONCERNING THE RIGHTS OF PERSONS .............................. 8
TITLE IV. CONCERNING FREEBORN PERSONS .................................. 9
TITLE V. CONCERNING FREEDMEN........................................... 9
TITLE VI. WHO CANNOT MANUMIT OTHERS, AND WHY THEY ARE UNABLE TO DO SO. 10
TITLE VII. CONCERNING THE ABROGATION OF THE LEX FURIA CANINIA............ 12
TITLE VIII. CONCERNING THOSE WHO ARE THEIR OWN MASTERS, OR ARE UNDER THE CONTROL OF OTHERS.......................................... 12
TITLE IX. CONCERNING PATERNAL AUTHORITY ................................ 13
TITLE X. CONCERNING MARRIAGE ........................................... 14
TITLE XI. CONCERNING ADOPTION ........................................... 16
TITLE XII. IN WHAT WAYS THE RIGHT OF PATERNAL POWER IS ABROGATED........ 18
TITLE XIII. CONCERNING GUARDIANSHIP ....................................... 20
TITLE XIV. PAGE WHO CAN BE APPOINTED TESTAMENTARY GUARDIANS ................ 21
TITLE XV. CONCERNING THE LEGAL GUARDIANSHIP OF AGNATES................. 22
TITLE XVI. CONCERNING THE LOSS OF CIVIL RIGHTS............................ 22
TITLE XVII. CONCERNING THE LEGAL GUARDIANSHIP OF PATRONS ................. 23
TITLE XVIII. CONCERNING THE LEGAL GUARDIANSHIP OF ASCENDANTS.............. 23
TITLE XIX. CONCERNING FIDUCIARY GUARDIANSHIP ............................. 24
TITLE XX. CONCERNING THE ATILIAN GUARDIAN, AND THE ONE APPOINTED UNDER THE LEX JULIA ET TITIA....................................... 24
TITLE XXI. CONCERNING THE SANCTION OF GUARDIANS.......................... 25
TITLE XXII. IN WHAT WAYS A GUARDIANSHIP IS TERMINATED.................... 26
TITLE XXIII. CONCERNING CURATORS ........................................... 27
TITLE XXIV. CONCERNING THE GIVING OF SECURITY BY GUARDIANS AND CURATORS ... 28
TITLE XXV. CONCERNING THE REASONS FOR EXCUSING GUARDIANS OR CURATORS .... 29
TITLE XXVI. CONCERNING SUSPECTED GUARDIANS OR CURATORS .................... 32
BOOK II.
TITLE I.
CONCERNING THE DIVISION OF THINGS ............................. 33
TITLE II. CONCERNING INCORPOREAL PROPERTY ............................... 43
TITLE III. CONCERNING SERVITUDES .......................................... 43
TITLE IV. PAGE CONCERNING USUFRUCT ........................................... 44
TITLE V. CONCERNING USE AND HABITATION ................................ 40
TITLE VI. CONCERNING USUCAPTION AND POSSESSION FOR LONG TIME........... 47
TITLE VII. CONCERNING GIFTS ............................................... 49
TITLE VIII. WHO IS PERMITTED TO ALIENATE, AND WHO IS NOT.................. 51
TITLE IX. THROUGH WHAT PERSONS PROPERTY CAN BE ACQUIRED FOR US........ 52
TITLE X. CONCERNING THE EXECUTION OF WILLS............................. 55
TITLE XI. CONCERNING THE WILL OF A SOLDIER............................... 57
TITLE XII. WHO ARE NOT PERMITTED TO MAKE WILLS.......................... 58
TITLE XIII. CONCERNING THE DISINHERITANCE OF CHILDREN .................... 60
TITLE XIV. CONCERNING THE APPOINTMENT OF HEIRS .......................... 62
TITLE XV. CONCERNING GENERAL SUBSTITUTION ............................... 65
TITLE XVI. CONCERNING THE SUBSTITUTION OF MINORS ......................... 65
TITLE XVII. IN WHAT WAYS WILLS ARE RENDERED INVALID ..................... 67
TITLE XVIII. CONCERNING AN INOFFICIOUS WILL................................. 68
TITLE XIX. CONCERNING THE DIFFERENT KINDS OF HEIRS....................... 70
TITLE XX. CONCERNING LEGACIES ............................................ 72
TITLE XXI. CONCERNING THE REVOCATION OF LEGACIES ......................... 79
TITLE XXII. PAGE CONCERNING THE LEX FALCIDIA ................................... 79
TITLE XXIII. CONCERNING TRUST ESTATES ...................................... 81
TITLE XXIV. CONCERNING PARTICULAR THINGS LEFT IN TRUST.................... 85
TITLE XXV. CONCERNING CODICILS ............................................ 86
BOOK III.
TITLE I.
CONCERNING ESTATES WHICH PASS BY INTESTACY................... 87
TITLE II. CONCERNING THE LEGAL SUCCESSION OF AGNATES ................... 92
TITLE III. CONCERNING THE TERTULLIAN DECREE OF THE SENATE............... 95
TITLE IV. CONCERNING THE ORPHITIAN DECREE OF THE SENATE................ 96
TITLE V. CONCERNING THE SUCCESSION OF COGNATES ......................... 97
TITLE VI. CONCERNING THE DEGREES OF COGNATION .......................... 98
TITLE VII. CONCERNING THE SUCCESSION OF FREEDMEN ........................ 100
TITLE VIII. CONCERNING THE ASSIGNMENT OF FREEDMEN ....................... 103
TITLE IX. CONCERNING THE POSSESSION OF PROPERTY ........................ 103
TITLE X. CONCERNING ACQUISITION BY ARROGATION .......................... 106
TITLE XI. CONCERNING THE PERSON TO WHOM PROPERTY IS TRANSFERRED ON ACCOUNT OF FREEDOM ........................................... 107
TITLE XII. CONCERNING THE ABROGATION OF SUCCESSIONS WHICH FORMERLY AROSE THROUGH THE SALE OF AN ESTATE AND FROM THE CLAUDIAN DECREE OF THE SENATE .............................................. 109
TITLE XIII. PAGE CONCERNING OBLIGATIONS ......................................... 109
TITLE XIV. IN WHAT WAY AN OBLIGATION IS CONTRACTED BY MEANS OF THE PROPERTY.................................................... 110
TITLE XV. CONCERNING VERBAL OBLIGATIONS.................................. .... 111
TITLE XVI. CONCERNING TWO PARTIES TO A STIPULATION OR PROMISE ............ 113
TITLE XVII. CONCERNING THE STIPULATION OF SLAVES ........................... 113
TITLE XVIII. CONCERNING THE DIVISION OF STIPULATIONS ........................ 114
TITLE XIX. CONCERNING INOPERATIVE STIPULATIONS ............................ 114
TITLE XX. CONCERNING SURETIES ............................................ 119
TITLE XXI. CONCERNING OBLIGATIONS IN WRITING.............................. 120
TITLE XXII. CONCERNING OBLIGATIONS BY CONSENT ............................. 120
TITLE XXIII. CONCERNING PURCHASE AND SALE ................................. 120
TITLE XXIV. CONCERNING LEASING AND HIRING ................................. 123
TITLE XXV. CONCERNING PARTNERSHIP ........................................ 124
TITLE XXVI. CONCERNING MANDATE............................................ 127
TITLE XXVII. CONCERNING OBLIGATIONS ARISING FROM QUASI-CONTRACTS .......... 130
TITLE XXVIII. THROUGH WHAT PERSONS AN OBLIGATION CAN BE ACQUIRED FOR OUR BENEFIT..................................................... 132
TITLE XXIX. IN WHAT WAYS AN OBLIGATION IS DISSOLVED....................... 132
BOOK IV.
TITLE I. PAGE
CONCERNING OBLIGATIONS ARISING FROM CRIME..................... 134
TITLE II. CONCERNING ROBBERY BY VIOLENCE ................................ 140
TITLE III. CONCERNING THE AQUILIAN LAW .................................. 141
TITLE IV. CONCERNING INJURIES ............................................ 144
TITLE V. CONCERNING OBLIGATIONS WHICH ARISE FROM A QUASI-CRIME........ 146
TITLE VI. CONCERNING ACTIONS............................................ 147
TITLE VII. CONCERNING BUSINESS TRANSACTIONS ENTERED INTO WITH A PERSON UNDER THE CONTROL OF ANOTHER ............................. 157
TITLE VIII. CONCERNING NOXAL ACTIONS...................................... 160
TITLE IX. WHERE A QUADRUPED IS SAID TO HAVE CAUSED DAMAGE.............. 161
TITLE X. CONCERNING THOSE BY WHOM WE CAN BRING SUIT..................162
TITLE XI. CONCERNING THE GIVING OF SECURITY.............................. 162
TITLE XII. CONCERNING PERPETUAL AND TEMPORARY ACTIONS, AND THOSE THAT ARE TRANSMITTED TO, AND AGAINST HEIRS ......................... 164
TITLE XIII. CONCERNING EXCEPTIONS ......................................... 165
TITLE XIV. CONCERNING REPLICATIONS ........................................ 167
TITLE XV. CONCERNING INTERDICTS .......................................... 168
TITLE XVI. CONCERNING THE PENALTY FOR RECKLESS LITIGATION ................ 172
TITLE XVII. CONCERNING THE DUTY OF A JUDGE ............................... 173
TITLE XVIII. CONCERNING PUBLIC PROSECUTIONS................................. 175
VI.
THE ENACTMENTS OF JUSTINIAN. II.
THE DIGEST OR PANDECTS.
PAGE
FIRST PREFACE................................................... 179
SECOND PREFACE ................................................. 189
THIRD PREFACE .................................................. 198
FIRST PART. BOOK I.
TITLE I.
CONCERNING JUSTICE AND LAW.................................... 209
TITLE II. CONCERNING THE ORIGIN OF LAW AND OF ALL MAGISTRATES, TOGETHER WITH A SUCCESSION OF JURISTS................................ 211
TITLE III. CONCERNING STATUTES, DECREES OF THE SENATE, AND LONG ESTABLISHED CUSTOMS .................................................... 222
TITLE IV. CONCERNING THE CONSTITUTIONS OF THE EMPERORS ................. 227
TITLE V. CONCERNING THE CONDITION OF MEN .............................. 227
TITLE VI. CONCERNING THOSE WHO ARE THEIR OWN MASTERS, AND THOSE THAT ARE UNDER THE CONTROL OF OTHERS........................... 231
TITLE VII. CONCERNING ADOPTIONS AND EMANCIPATIONS, AND OTHER METHODS BY WHICH PATERNAL AUTHORITY IS DISSOLVED................... 234
TITLE VIII. CONCERNING THE DIVISION AND NATURE OF THINGS ................. 241
TITLE IX. CONCERNING SENATORS ........................................... 245
TITLE X. PAGE CONCERNING THE OFFICE OF CONSUL ............................... 247
TITLE XL CONCERNING THE OFFICE OF PRÆTORIAN PREFECT ................... 248
TITLE XII. CONCERNING THE OFFICE OF PREFECT OF THE CITY................... 248
TITLE XIII. CONCERNING THE OFFICE OF QUÆSTOR ............................. 250
TITLE XIV. CONCERNING THE OFFICE OF THE PRÆTORS.......................... 251
TITLE XV. CONCERNING THE OFFICE OF PREFECT OF THE NIGHT WATCH.......... 251
TITLE XVI. CONCERNING THE OFFICE OF PROCONSUL, AND HIS DEPUTY ........... 252
TITLE XVII. CONCERNING THE OFFICE OF AUGUSTAL PREFECT..................... 256
TITLE XVIII. CONCERNING THE OFFICE OF GOVERNOR ............................. 257
TITLE XIX. CONCERNING THE OFFICE OF THE IMPERIAL STEWARD OR ACCOUNTANT.. 261
TITLE XX. CONCERNING THE OFFICE OF JURIDICUS ............................. 262
TITLE XXI. CONCERNING THE OFFICE OF HIM TO WHOM JURISDICTION IS DELEGATED. . 262
TITLE XXII. CONCERNING THE OFFICE OF ASSESSORS ............................. 263
BOOK II.
TITLE I.
CONCERNING JURISDICTION......................................... 265
TITLE II. EACH ONE MUST HIMSELF USE THE LAW WHICH HE HAS ESTABLISHED FOR OTHERS ................................................. 268
TITLE III. WHERE ANYONE REFUSES OBEDIENCE TO A MAGISTRATE RENDERING JUDGMENT ....................................................... 270
TITLE IV. PAGE CONCERNING CITATIONS BEFORE A COURT OF JUSTICE................. 271
TITLE V. WHERE ANYONE WHO IS SUMMONED DOES NOT APPEAR, AND WHERE ANYONE SUMMONED A PERSON WHOM, ACCORDING TO THE EDICT, HE SHOULD NOT HAVE SUMMONED ............................. 276
TITLE VI. PERSONS WHO ARE SUMMONED MUST EITHER APPEAR, OR GIVE BOND OR SECURITY TO DO SO........................................... 276
TITLE VII. NO ONE CAN FORCIBLY REMOVE A PERSON WHO HAS BEEN SUMMONED TO COURT.................................................... 277
TITLE VIII. WHAT PERSONS ARE COMPELLED TO GIVE A SURETY, AND WHO CAN MAKE A PROMISE UNDER OATH, OR BE BOUND BY A MERE PROMISE....... 279
TITLE IX. IN WHAT WAY SECURITY MUST BE GIVEN IN A NOXAL ACTION......... 283
TITLE X. CONCERNING ONE WHO PREVENTS A PERSON FROM APPEARING IN COURT . 285
TITLE XI. WHERE A PARTY WHO HAS GIVEN A BOND TO APPEAR IN COURT DOES NOT DO SO....................................................... 286
TITLE XII. CONCERNING FESTIVALS, DELAYS, AND DIFFERENT SEASONS ........... 292
TITLE XIII. CONCERNING THE STATEMENT OF A CASE ........................... 294
TITLE XIV. CONCERNING AGREEMENTS......................................... 299
TITLE XV. CONCERNING COMPROMISES ........................................ 318