APPENDIX A
SUMMARY OF FEDERAL LANDHOLDING AGENCIES'
DATA RELATED TO JURISDICTION
The questionnaires addressed to each of the 23 landholding agencies of the Federal Government produced a tremendous mass of information; reports from the larger agencies exceeded a thousand pages each. The numbers and areas of properties reported by the agencies were verified by the Committee against date set out in the Inventory Report on Federal Real Property in the United States as of December 31, 1953 (S. Doc. No. 32, 84th Cong., 1st sess.), and any discrepancies which might affect the accuracy of this study were reconciled by the agencies involved. While a later inventory report is now available (S. Doc. No. 100, 84th Cong., 2d sess.), it was published after the questionnaires related to this study had been completed.
The information which each of the landholding agencies transmitted to the committee concerning its properties, and the views indicated by each agency concerning the jurisdictional status its properties should have, are summarized below. References will be noted to questionnaire A, and questionnaire B; these relate, respectively, to the questionnaire addressed to each agency concerning its property in general, and to the similarly addressed questionnaire concerning individual properties of each agency in the States selected for sampling purposes. Questionnaire B elicited statistical facts concerning such matters as the number of nonmilitary residents and the number of children on each installation, and sought information on a number of other possible recurrent, day-to-day problems. These included such matters as access to local schools and other local governmental facilities, equality of privileges as compared with local residents, the maintenance of vital statistics, the availability of notarial services, the furnishing of police and fire protection, and garbage disposal.
The accuracy of some of the opinions expressed as to the relative advantages or disadvantages of the existing jurisdictional status should be measured against expressions on the matters by the Committee, since it must be recognized that the extent of knowledge as to what that status is, and the legal incidents relative thereto, varied with the correspondents.
(81)
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DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY
Data from questionnaire A.--The three bureaus of the Treasury Department which supervise property outside of the District of Columbia have a total of approximately 1,219 installation, aggregating approximately 26,941.45 acres in area plus 67,266 square feet of office and storage space (Coast Guard: 1,049 installations aggregating 25,473 acres plus 144 installations (lifeboat stations) aggregation 977 acres; Customs: 20 installations aggregating 366.6 acres, and buildings totaling 43,444 square feet, of which 8,112 square feet are located on land either leased or occupied by permit; and Mint: 6 installations aggregating 124.85 acres plus 630,822 square feet of office and storage space).
The property throughout the United States
occupied by the Bureau of Customs and the Bureau of the Mint is all held under
a
proprietorial interest only, while property of the United States Coast
Guard is variously held under each of the several types of legislative
jurisdictional status and under a proprietorial interest. The jurisdictional
status of Coast Guard lands, to the extent that it is known, is indicated to be
as follows:
Number of properties
Property Total Area Exclu- Con- Proprie-
number (acres) sive Partial current torial
Academy........................ 1 61 1 ....... .......
Air detachment................. 4 ....... ....... ....... .......
Air station.................... 9 864 2 ....... .......
Base........................... 22 228 9 ....... ....... 7[1]
Depot.......................... 19 22 9 ....... .......
Electronic engineering station. 11 ....... ....... ....... .......
Fog signal station............. 1 25 1 ....... .......
Group office................... 4 ....... ....... ....... .......
Lifeboat station............... 144 977 12 1 ....... 131
Light attendant station........ 53 ....... ....... ....... .......
Light station.................. 321 4,912 144 ....... 13 10
Loran transmitting station..... 10 ....283 3 ....... .......
Mooring........................ 12 ....... ....... ....... .......
Radio beacon station........... 1 ....... ....... ....... .......
Radio station.................. 14 ....645 4 ....... .......
Receiving center............... 1 ....430 1 ....... .......
Supply center.................. 1 67 1 ....... .......
Supply depot................... 3 ....... ....... ....... .......
Training station............... 1 429 1 ....... .......
Yard........................... 1 .....39 1 ....... .......
Total.................... 633 8,982 189 1 13 148
[1] Held in mixed status: Concurrent and proprietorial. Since the jurisdictional status of many properties is unknown to the Coast Guard, it is impossible to determine the acreage held under each of the different types of jurisdiction.
Data from questionnaire B.--In the State of California the Treasury department has a total of 21 installations comprising 1,113.95 acres and 95,164 square feet of building space. Of these properties 19 belonging to the Coast Guard, constituting a total of 1,111.19 acres,
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are reported to be under the exclusive legislative jurisdiction of the
United States (although it appears that some of these may be within the
definition of "partial" jurisdiction adopted for the instant study, in view of
the practice of this State of reserving certain powers in making cessions). One
property belonging to the mint, consisting of 2.76 acres and 95,164 feet of
building space, is held in a proprietorial interest only status. The status of
the additional property consisting of 7 acres held by the Coast Guard (Point
Loma Light Station) is unreported. Despite the exclusive (or partial) nature of
most of the california installations, vital statistics are maintained by State
or local authorities and local coroners investigate deaths occurring on the
premises under unknown circumstances. Residing on Coast Guard properties are
172 persons other than military personnel. Twenty-one of the thirty-eight
installations in the 12th Coast Guard District report that their residents are
denied equal access with State residents to State colleges. All persons are
indicated as otherwise having equal access to State governmental facilities and
equal privileges under the State. Sixty-nine children residing on these
installations attend State schools; of these, forty are children of military
personnel and twenty-nine are children of civilians. Resident children are in
all cases granted access to State schools; however, in the majority of cases it
was reported that Federal funds in the form of grants-in-aid were paid to the
State.
The Treasury Department manages no property owned by the United States in the state of Kansas.
In the state of virginia the coast Guard is the only agency of the Department reporting management of realty, a total of 50 properties aggregating 1,388.398 acres, 1.03 rods, and 18 perches. Twenty-six properties and a portion of an additional property, aggregating 18.729 acres, are reported as having a partial legislative jurisdiction status. One property, consisting of 0.42 acre, is held in a concurrent legislative jurisdiction status. Fourteen properties and portions of four are held in a proprietorial interest status. As to 3 properties and a portion of an additional property, records on jurisdictional status are unavailable; the area of only one such property (0.22 acre) is known. Vital statistics are not maintained on coast Guard reservations. There is no known general rule which the coroners in the state of Virginia follow apropos investigation of deaths occurring under unknown circumstances. There are nine civilian personnel residing on federal properties within the State. These persons acre granted equal voting rights, equal access to existing governmental facilities, and
84
equal privileges. Three children of civilian personnel attend State schools
on an equal basis with State residents.
Agency views.--The Bureau of Customs and the Bureau of the Mint have experienced no difficulties in operating under a mere proprietorial interest and see no need for Federal legislative jurisdiction over their properties. While the Coast Guard likewise indicated no significant problems with any type of jurisdiction it initially stated an opinion that exclusive or concurrent legislative jurisdiction was best suited to its properties. This opinion was subsequently revised, and the Coast Guard has informally indicated to the Committee that a proprietorial interest only would suit its properties.
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
a. Department of the Army. b. Department of the Navy.
c. Department of the Air Force.
a. Department of the Army
Data from questionnaire A.--The number of properties owned by the United States and occupied, operated, or supervised by the Department of the Army is indicated to approximate 1,330. Of this number approximately 574 pertain to military installations and 756 to river and harbor improvements and flood-control projects. The Army reports that it does not have readily available information as to specific categories, acreage and type of jurisdiction in regard to river and harbor improvements and flood control. However, it has been the policy of the army not to request jurisdiction over such properties, and generally, they are held in a simple proprietorial interest. In regard to military properties, the categories, jurisdictional status, number and acreage are listed as set forth in the following table. It may be noted therefrom that while many of Army's properties are held in an exclusive legislative jurisdiction status (41 percent by number and 20 percent by acreage), similarly large quantities of its properties, of all categories, are held in a proprietorial interest only (30 percent by number and 46 percent by acreage), and considerable quantities in a partial or concurrent legislative jurisdictional status:
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____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
| Exclusive | Concurrent | Partial | Proprietorial | Undetermined | | Total |
|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mixed, ---------------------
General category of property | Num- | Acreage | Num- | Acreage | Num- | Acreage | Num- | Acreage | Num- | Acreage | Num- | Num- | Acreage |
| ber | | ber | | ber | | ber | | ber | | ber | ber | |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Military training facilities (posts, camps, forts)................| 21 | 1,077,906 | 2 | 143,977 | 10 | 754,809 | 14 | 1,232,811 | 3 | 805,100 | 21 | 71 | 4,014,603 |
Headquarters and administrative facilities........................| 10 | 14,685 | 1 | 1,141 | 1 | 71 | 7 | 8,299 | 1 | 29 | 5 | 25 | 24,225 |
Schools (exclusive of schools at training installations)..........| 2 | 4,366 | ..... | ......... | 2 | 9,646 | ..... | 11,396 | ..... | ......... | 2 | 6 | 25,408 |
Hospitals (exclusive of local hospitals on installations).........| 5 | 1,265 | ..... | ......... | 1 | 181 | 3 | 92 | 1 | 120 | 2 | 12 | 1,658 |
Depots, maintenance, and repair facilities........................| 32 | 305,399 | 3 | 4,796 | 12 | 82,725 | 19 | 72,005 | 3 | 2,853 | 16 | 85 | 467,778 |
Ports and harbors.................................................| 6 | 906 | ..... | 28 | 1 | 2,313 | 2 | 2,160 | ..... | ......... | 3 | 12 | 5,407 |
Defense facilities (tactical, Nike, antiaircraft artillery, etc.).| 8 | 4,478 | ..... | ......... | ..... | ......... | 6 | 741 | 1 | 1,541 | 4 | 19 | 6,760 |
Testing and proving grounds (research and development)............| 7 | 60,441 | ..... | 12 | 1 | 55,264 | 7 | 1,879,513 | ..... | ......... | 5 | 20 | 1,995,230 |
Communication, motion-picture, and T.V. facilities................| 2 | 1,230 | 1 | 69 | ..... | ......... | 5 | 2,318 | 2 | 1,142 | 2 | 12 | 4,759 |
Industrial facilities (arsenals, plants, etc.)....................| 26 | 176,104 | 3 | 925 | 13 | 108,589 | 20 | 27,836 | 1 | 25,405 | 8 | 71 | 338,859 |
USAR and National Guard facilities................................| 40 | 42,075 | 1 | 340 | ..... | 3,960 | 66 | 56,383 | 8 | 21,215 | 3 | 118 | 123,959 |
Recreation and rest camp faclities................................| 1 | 2 | ..... | ......... | ..... | ......... | 10 | 23 | ..... | ......... | ...... | 11 | 25 |
Cemetaries, monuments, parks, and historical sites................| 76 | 2,324 | 1 | 33 | 4 | 326 | 13 | 609 | 3 | 1 | 12 | 109 | 3,293 |
Prisons and disciplinary barracks.................................| ..... | 370 | ..... | ......... | 1 | 12,605 | 1 | 3,181 | ..... | ......... | 1 | 3 | 16,156 |
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
Total.......................................................| 236 | 1,691,551 | 12 | 151,307 | 46 | 1,030,489 | 173 | 3,297,357 | 23 | 857,405 | 84 | 574 | 7,028,120 |
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Data from questionnaire B.[1]--The acreage and jurisdictional status of properties held by the Department of the Army in Virginia, Kansas, and California are reported as follows:
Total Kansas Virginia California
Exclusive................... 67,695 9,563 34,888 23,244
Partial..................... 97,875 74,327 ........ 18,548
Concurrent.................. 122,614 ....... 122,614 ...........
Proprietorial............... 1,010,026 ....... 1,909 1,008,117
Total................ 1,263,210 83,890 159,411 1,049,909
Less arithmetical errors.... -803 ....... -893 .........
Total................ 1,292,317 83,890 158,518 1,049,909
The designation of jurisdictional status supplied by the various reporting installations was used in every instance except that of Fort Leavenworth, which was changed by the committee from a reported exclusive jurisdiction to a partial legislative jurisdiction on the basis of precise information on this installation.
A general satisfaction of installation
commanders with the jurisdictional status of installations held under exclusive
(or partial approaching exclusive) Federal jurisdiction was reported. This
general satisfaction extended, but in a markedly lesser degree, to all
installations whatever their jurisdictional status. For industrial type
installations there was indicated preference for a proprietorial interest
status. With respect to other types of installations, in a number of instances
where there was only a proprietorial interest it was suggested that a greater
degree of jurisdiction be obtained by the United States, but generally no
problems were indicated as arising out of the existing status. On the contrary,
several advantages were variously cited as arising from such a status. The
reasons given by the Army and by local commanders for retaining or obtaining
exclusive legislative jurisdiction are mainly related to military control and
security, and freedom of both bases and personnel from local interference and
regulation. It appears, however, tat no serious problems with respect to these
matters are reported in the cases of the many Army installations which are
under less than exclusive jurisdiction. In many cases where an exclusive
jurisdiction status was urged for a proprietorial interest area it was
nevertheless acknowledged that State and local authorities in fact have a
"hands off" attitude with respect to Army operation of military establishments,
and that no actual conflicts exist. In only one instance in which such a change
was desired, where the installation is located in part on exclusive-
[1] These questionnaires were sent only to military installations. For the reasons set forth above in relation to questionnaire A, reliable information is difficult to obtain concerning the areas in the three selected States devoted to the civil functions of the Army.
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jurisdiction land and in part on part on proprietorial-interest-only land,
which are all administered uniformly, was there a definite indication of
conflict, the degree of which was not stated. In other such cases, it was
indicated, the Army post commander's fear of State or local interference was
based on a "theoretical analysis" of possibilities, or on suppositions not
based on actual experience. In still other cases the Army commander had an
erroneous impression that an exclusive-jurisdiction status, as distinguished
from a proprietorial-interest-only status, permitted him to exercise more
control over civilians, including their arrest and final disposition of charges
against them.
Where premises had differing legislative jurisdiction statuses, they were nonetheless administered in the same manner in all cases except one. In no instance were any problems reported as arising out of the differing statutes.
The number of residents other than armed forces personnel on Army premises in Virginia, Kansas, and California is approximately 20,991. On six installations there residents were denied an equal right with State residents to vote. On two of the installations at which residents are denied equal voting rights, Camp Cooks, Calif., and Branch United States Disciplinary Barracks, Lompoc, Calif., they are also reported to be denied access to State colleges without payment of a nonresident tuition fee, although these installations are reported as held under a proprietorial interest only. A denial of equal facilities was cited on four installations. Equal privileges were reported as denied in seven instances.
Resident children attending school were reported as follows: Children of armed forces personnel, 7,323; others, 1,416; total school children, 8,739. Seven installations reported that these children were not accepted in State schools on an equal basis with State residents. In six of these cases, State schools were the recipients of federal grants-in-aid; in the other instance, a separate school maintained on the base was supported jointly by State and Federal sources.
Vital statistics are maintained inmost instances by local authorities, regardless of the jurisdictional status of the property. However, 2 installations reported such statistics were no maintained; 9 installations reported such statistics were maintained by the federal Government.
Eighteen installations reported that a local coroner did not investigate deaths occurring on the premises; investigations were performed by the local coroner on 41 installations. For the most part factors other than jurisdictional status of an installation determine whether or not a local coroner will conduct investigations.
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Services of a notary public were available on the premises in 33 of the 68 reporting installations. In those cases where notaries were not on the premises, they were located in areas ranging from immediately adjacent to the premises to 10 miles away.
Thirty installations reported a necessity for the services of a United States commissioner. Distances to the nearest commissioner ranged from one on base to 65 miles, with an average distance of about 17 miles.
Services of local police were reported as needed and rendered in 10 instances. In a number of instances local police would appear to operate on exclusive jurisdiction areas. such services were not needed in 57 cases. The Sierra Ordnance Depot, Calif., reports a past history of inability to obtain local police protection despite in 1942 local police authorities declined to assume jurisdiction over law violations on the depot on the ground that the status of a military reservation precluded the assumption of jurisdiction. In order to have some law enforcement, a United States commissioner was appointed to try violations of California law under the Assimilative Crimes act. The authority of the commissioner was challenged on several occasions. Not until 1955 was it possible for the Army to obtain partial jurisdiction over the area (which contained leased land) in order to clear the confused situation.
Fire protection was furnished by the Federal Government in 23 cases, local government in 9 cases, and reciprocally in 34 cases. The source of fire protection appeared in most instances to be more contingent upon factors such as the size and manpower of the installation, and the proximity and resources of the local community, than upon the legislative jurisdictional status of the properties involved.
The Army makes a special reference to the area occupied by the Pentagon. Since it appears that there is some uncertainty as to whether the United States is vested with exclusive or only concurrent jurisdiction over that part of the Pentagon and outside facilities as are located on land lying between the boundary line established between the District of Columbia and the Commonwealth of Virginia by the act of October 13, 1945 (58 Stat. 552), and the high-water mark as it existed on January 24, 1791, the question arises whether to seek a cession of exclusive jurisdiction over the area from the Commonwealth of Virginia or whether to retrocede concurrent jurisdiction over the area now under exclusive jurisdiction, since consistency in the status of both areas is desirable.
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Agency views.--The policy of the Department of the Army with respect to the acquisition of legislative jurisdiction has been for the Chief of Engineers to make ad hoc decisions on a request for the procurement of jurisdiction made by the using service. Where such decision is in favor of jurisdiction, the Corps of Engineers procures the maximum jurisdiction which the State will grant.
The Department of the Army indicates the desirability of providing authority to the Secretary of the Army for the adjustment of the existing jurisdictional status of Army properties, but opposes any action on the basis of the instant study which would divest the United States of any jurisdiction over military properties which it now has.
b. Department of the Navy
Data from questionnaire A.--The Department
of the Navy has a substantial inventory of real property (614 installations,
comprising 3,417,174 acres), which property is predominantly held only in a
proprietorial interest status, but a large number of installations are held
under the exclusive legislative jurisdiction of the United States, and lesser
numbers in a partial or concurrent jurisdictional status. The properties fall
into 27 categories based on use--naval bases, depots, shipyards, industrial
reserve facilities, ordnance plants, hospitals, radio stations, civilian and
military housing, detention barracks, etc.; all but 1 of such categories
include 1 or more exclusive jurisdiction installations, all but 3 minor
categories of properties, which are used by the Marine Corps, include
proprietorial interest only installations, all but 12 include concurrent
jurisdiction installations, and all but 14 include partial jurisdiction
installations. The numbers and total approximate areas of properties reported
to be under the several types of jurisdiction are indicated in the following
table:
Jurisdiction Number Acreage Square Feet
Exclusive............ 266 1,065,698 87,000
Concurrent........... 55 214,821 .......
Partial.............. 34 153,085 .......
Proprietorial........ 408 1,646,491 .......
Total........... 743[1] 3,100,095[2] 87,000
[1] The discrepancy in the number of parcels occurs from the fact that several parcels enjoy varying types of legislative jurisdiction.
[2] The Navy advises, on the basis of data full details of which were not furnished to the Committee, that this figure should be revised to 3,417,174 acres.
Data from questionnaire B.--The approximate number and acreage of the sites reported in the three States under specific consideration (Virginia, Kansas, and California) are as follows:
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[Acres unless otherwise specified]
State Num- Total area Uncertain Exclusive Concur- Partial Proprie-
ber rent torial
Virginia.... 39 118,108[1] .......... 41,322 3,633 ........ 73,150
20,000[2] .......... .......... ....... ........ 20,000[2]
Kansas...... 2 4,157[3] .......... 4,157 ....... ........ ......
California.. 67 2,435,154[4] .......... 186,309 32 136,405 2,114,028
93,418[2] 601.31[2] 33,287[2] ....... ........ .........
159[5] .......... .......... ....... ........ .........
[6] .......... .......... ....... ........ .........
Total..... 108 2,557,419[7] 601.31[2] 231,788 3,665 3,665 2,187,178
113,418[2] .......... ....33,287[2] ....... ........ .........
159[5] .......... .......... ....... ........ 20,000[2]
[1] 1 installation had 3-acre error.
[2] Square feet.
[3] Various recruiting stations occupy 3,057 square feet in GSA or Post Office buildings. The jurisdictional status of this area will be reported by GSA and the Post Office Department.
[4] The total acreage given was 1,620 acres less than reported in the jurisdictional breakdown.
[5] Acres held in adverse possession.
[6] Various installations occupy 269,997 square feet in Army, Navy, Post Office, and GSA buildings.
[7] The Navy advises, on the basis of data details of which were not furnished to the Committee, that this figure should be revised to 2,363,085 acres.
In a few reports it was suggested that jurisdiction over housing, particularly housing entirely for civilians, be retroceded to the States, and that the Federal Government maintain a proprietorial interest only. With only one exception all installations reported satisfaction with the housing units under their command which were held in a proprietorial interest. Local police, fire, etc., services, as well as rights of the residents such as voting, were the reasons given for the desirability of a proprietorial status for these housing units.
On the other hand, reports from local installations showed a general desire for more than proprietorial interest with respect to lands used for activities other than housing. Affirmative answers were received in almost all instances where the type of jurisdiction was the greatest obtainable under State law. Reports from 38 installations expressed the opinion that the present jurisdictional status of the installations was not the most suitable, in almost every such instance desiring the greatest amount of jurisdiction available to the Federal Government under the laws of the particular State. The reason most often assigned was that superior military security and control were possible under superior legislative jurisdictional status. It will be noted that the Navy Department its self does not concur in this theory. Despite the many recommendations for an upgrading in jurisdiction with respect to installations holding less than exclusive jurisdiction, few problems with local officials or disadvantages attributable to the existing status of the installations were reported. Most reports stressed the spirit of cooperation and harmony existing between the command and local authorities, local officials very generally have adopted a "hands-off" attitude with respect to naval properties, whatever the legislative jurisdiction status of such properties, rendering
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only such service and assuming only such authority as are welcomed by the
naval commanders. This is demonstrated by the fact that in almost all
installations based on areas of land under two or more types of jurisdiction
there is no areas of land under two or more types of jurisdiction there is no
distinction made on the basis of jurisdiction in the administration of the
several areas comprising theApproximately 37,595 residents were reported living on 52 installations. The figures ranged from 1 resident to 9,349. From the reports given it is not possible accurately to determine what proportion of such residents reside on lands under each of the varying types of jurisdiction.
The reports indicate that residents of 45 of the installations are allowed to vote in the State and that the right to vote has been denied to residents of 10 installations. All of the negative responses came from installations where the civilians resided on land under exclusive Federal jurisdiction. In many other instances, however, persons on such land were allowed to vote. Discrepancies were rampant between various installations in the State and ever between various installations within a single city.
There are 16,133 school children residing on naval lands in the 3 sample States. Of these, 13,684 are children of persons in the naval service and 2,449 are those of civilians. It is not possible from information made available to break down the number of school children by the legislative jurisdiction of the land on which they reside.
Resident children on 58 installations were reported as being accepted in State schools on an equal basis with State residents, whereas the children living on 14 installations were denied this privilege. In all the cases in which a negative response was received either the local school district was receiving Federal grants-in-aid, or the installation was providing transportation to the school for the Federal children. In no reported instances were the children denied schooling. If formerly there were problems in this area, it would seem that, at least for the present, the Federal aid system has alleviated them almost entirely.
Equal use of facilities and equal privileges were accorded to residents of Federal enclaves almost without fail regardless of the jurisdiction over the land upon which they resided. Access to courts of divorce, adoption courts, mental institutions, and other incidents of State residency were reported denied in a few instances, but there nowhere appeared to be an overall State policy present, the results differing from locality to locality within the individual State and, indeed, differing at the same locality with respect to different facilities and privileges. (The Naval Auxiliary Air Station at El Centro, Calif., under exclusive jurisdiction, reported that access is allowed
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to juvenile courts, divorce courts, adoption courts. On the other hand,
residents are denied the right to serve as executors of administrators of local
estates, as well as well as the right of probate within the State, and are
refused the services of visiting nurses and access to State hospitals for the
mentally ill. Such residents are allowed to vote.) There were no reported cases
of denial of equal privileges, in fact some installations reported
better-license laws.
In a substantial majority of the cases, vital statistics concerning civilians are taken and maintained by local authorities regardless of status of jurisdiction. Likewise the coroner investigates deaths of civilians. In most installations under exclusive jurisdiction and in some under other statuses, deaths of members of the naval service are investigated by Federal authorities. In several instances, however, it was reported that the local coroner was requested to investigate. Some two or three stations reported that naval authorities attached to the station had been deputized as coroners by local authorities and all investigations on the installation were conducted by such deputies.
The availability of notarial services was reported affirmatively in 41 instances, negatively in 62. Where no notary was on the post, such service were usually available within a short distance. Frequently these services were performed on land under exclusive Federal jurisdiction.
The services of a United States Commissioner were not required in 80 reporting cases, were required in 22. While many of the installations reporting no need were held under proprietorial interest only, many others in a different status relied upon local police or military regulations, and reported a need for a United States Commissioner rarely if at all.
Thirty installations reported a need for local police services, and in all except one case such services were available. Local police were usually utilized to render general police service in connection with naval housing, although other instances of their use, such as in connection with theft investigation and traffic control, were cited. Usually, but not always, the local police were not acting on land under exclusive jurisdiction. One installation reported that its housing development, on exclusive jurisdiction land, was patrolled by local police under an agreement whereby the lessee company of the housing project made a payment in lieu of taxes to the of accommodating naval authorities, with respect to arrest of individuals for law violations occurring on other types of exclusive jurisdiction installations.
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One station, holding 507 acres exclusive and 10 acres proprietorial,
reported that station police at the gate for formal charge, arrest, and
prosecution. Presumably no attempt was made to determine the jurisdictional
status of the land upon which the purported crime was committed. Sixty-eight
installations reported no need for local police services. While most of these
were located on exclusive jurisdiction land, several were not, but relied upon
military policing. The local police appear to have almost completely respected
the desires of installation commanders concerning the rendering of their
services on military land.
Whether or not local fire protection was rendered does not appear to depend entirely upon the status of the land in question, but rather upon other factors such as size and character of the installation, proximity to local fire-fighting facilities, adequacy of local facilities, etc. The breakdown was as follows: Federal only, 34; local only, 19; reciprocal, 48. While a few of the reciprocal agreements, in consonance with the often-cited harmony and cooperation between local and Federal officials.
Agency views.--The policy of the Department of the Navy with regard to the acquisition of legislative jurisdiction has been to acquire no legislative jurisdiction unless the local commander makes a request for the acquisition of jurisdiction setting out his reasons therefor. If the Department determines on the basis of this request that Federal legislative jurisdiction is necessary or desirable, the Department procures the maximum jurisdiction permitted by general State cession statutes.
In view of the opinion of the Department of the Navy that the jurisdictional status of the site of an installation is immaterial insofar as any effect it may have upon the security and military control over the property and personnel of a command are concerned, it bases its view of the desirability of a particular type of jurisdiction in a general way upon the size and self-sufficiency of the installation. For large, self-sufficient bases exclusive (or partial approaching exclusive) jurisdiction is felt desirable. For small, non-self-sufficient installations concurrent jurisdiction (or proprietorial interest only as a second choice) is desirable. In all cases the determination would have to be made by an analysis of the problems of the particular installation and a weighing of the advantages and disadvantages of the various jurisdictional statuses, with housing areas being considered separately in arriving at the final decision.
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c. Department of the Air Force Data from questionnaire A.--The department of the Air Force reports that it holds within the United States 189 primary installations comprising 6,327,498 acres. Minor installations were not included in the report. Of the 6,327,498 acres under concurrent jurisdiction; 201,018 acres under partial jurisdiction; and 5,744,485 acres under a proprietorial interest. It is to be noted that over 90 percent of the acreage reported is held under a proprietorial interest only. The following table illustrates the current status of Air Force properties broken down by use and jurisdictional status:
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
| Number of | Total | | | | |
Types of installation | Installations | acreage | Exclusive | Concurrent | Partial | Proprietorial |
-----------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Active Air Force bases.......| 144 | 1,369,084[1] | 221,626 | 10,895 | 196,118 | 940,445 |
Depots.......................| 12 | 7,513 | 523 | .......... | 2,348 | 4,642 |
Aircraft control and warning | | | | | | |
sites......................| 13 | 1,412 | 513 | .......... | ....... | 899 |
Bombing and for gunnery | | | | | | |
ranges.....................| 20 | 4,949,489 | 148,438 | .......... | 2,552 | 4,798,499 |
|---------------|--------------|-----------|------------|---------|---------------|
Total...................| 189 | 6,327,498 | 371,100 | 10,895 | 201,018 | 5,744,485 |
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[1] Main base acreage. Does not include off base facilities such as outer marker sites, radio transmitter and receiver sites, etc.
Data from questionnaire B.--The acreage and jurisdictional status of properties held by the Department of the Air Force in the three States of Virginia, Kansas, and California are reported as follows:
________________________________________________________________________
| Total | Kansas | Virginia | California |
----------------------------|-------------------------------------------
Exclusive...................| 100,952 | 160 | ........ | 100,792 |
Partial.....................| 205,796 | 40,371 | ........ | 165,425 |
Concurrent..................| 9,003 | ...... | 9,003 | .......... |
Proprietorial...............| 155,304 | ...... | ........ | 155,304 |
|---------|--------|----------|------------|
Total..................| 471,055 | 40,531 | 9,003 | 421,521 |
Plus arithmetical errors....| [1] 308 | ...... | ........ | [1] 308 |
|---------|--------|----------|------------|
Total..................| 471,363 | 40,531 | 9,003 | 421,829 |
________________________________________________________________________
[1] March Air Force Base, Calif., showed a 308-acre error in its compilation.
The jurisdictional preference of the reporting installations is almost uniformly for exclusive Federal jurisdiction or for the highest degree of Federal jurisdiction obtainable under the applicable State statutes. With regularity, the reason assigned for the desirability of exclusive jurisdiction was based upon the security of and military control over the installation. Other reasons assigned were the nonapplicability of State liquor regulation, noninterference with the operation of post exchanges and similar Federal instrumentalities, Federal criminal enforcement, nontaxation of leasehold interests in
95
Wherry housing, and the impression that exclusive jurisdiction would
perfect the installation rights as a riparian landholder.
The various installations report 10,692 residents, of which 1,754 are in Virginia, 12 in Kansas and 8,926 in California. Apparently the dependents of Armed Forces personal were not included in the total for Kansas since the answer to another question indicates a total of 758 children residing in Kansas.
Residents of these areas are generally accorded all the rights of residents of the State, with a few exceptions. Residents are not granted a right to vote at McConnell Air Force Base, Kans., and Beals Air Force Base, Calif. They are denied equal use of facilities at Topeka Air Force Base, Kans., and at Beals in California. All of these installations are held under exclusive or partial Federal legislative jurisdiction. Since California now grants complete political rights to residents of Federal areas within its borders, it appears that some error has been made by local officials in regard to the rights of residents at Beale Air Force Base.
Seven thousand one hundred and fifty-three children reside on Air Force installations within the three States. Children of military personnel in Virginia number 916, in Kansas 758, and in California 5,200. In addition, 279 children of civilians reside on Federal areas within California. All of the children are enabled to receive public education, with no reported difficulties. In many instances, however, the local school districts receive Federal grants-in-aid.
Notaries public were reported as available on base in 13 instances; on 7 bases notaries were not present. Where a notary was not situated on the installation, the distance to the nearest notary varied from one to 27 miles, the average distance being 8.5 miles.
The services of a United States commissioner are required in eight instances. The distance to the nearest commissioner varies from 1 on base to 55 miles distant. The average distance to the nearest United States commissioner is approximately 23 miles. Fifteen installations reported that they had no requirement for the services of a United States commissioner.
The services of local police were required and rendered in eight instances. In two of these cases, the main function of local police was in traffic regulation. Six of the installations which reported the receiving of local police services are held under exclusive or partial Federal jurisdiction; the remaining two bases are held under concurrent jurisdiction. Fourteen installations reported no requirement for the services of local police.
96
Fire protection was rendered by Federal sources in 16 cases, locally in 2, and reciprocally in 5. Factors other than the jurisdictional status of the lands involved appear to determine the source of fire protection.
Agency views.--The policy of the Department of the Air Force with respect to the acquisition of legislative jurisdiction has been to acquire exclusive jurisdiction as a matter of course over all permanent installation as a matter of course over all permanent installations wherever State statutes permit, except for bombing and gunnery ranges, for which no jurisdiction is acquired. The relatively small percentage of Air Force properties having any Federal jurisdictional status is explained by the following factors: (1) Many permanent installations have only recently been so designated and time has not permitted the obtaining of Federal jurisdiction, (2) rapid enlargement of installations by land acquisition and a time lag in obtaining Federal jurisdiction, and (3) the largest Air Force acreage represents bombing and/or gunnery ranges; these are for the most part located in the Western States and are comprised in a large part of public domain land which is not generally covered by enabling legislation; also it has been deemed neither necessary nor desirable to obtain Federal jurisdiction over bombing ranges, as generally no personnel or equipment are permanently located on them.
The Department of the Air Force is of the apparent view that a form of partial legislative jurisdiction would be most desirable. The Department envisages a type of jurisdiction in which the civil and political rights of the Federal residents would not be disturbed and yet would vest in the Federal Government substantial powers. It feels that reservations by the States of authority to control fishing and hunting, regulate and license private businesses and the power of taxation would not materially affect the military function. The Department more recently has indicated a view that concurrent rather than exclusive legislative jurisdiction is that toward which it would probably lean.
DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
Data from questionnaire A.--The reports of the two agencies of the Department of Justice which occupy, operate, or supervise real property owned by the Federal Government in the several States indicate that they have 48 such properties, aggregating 25,534.58 acres (Immigration and Naturalization Service 17 properties, 68.48 acres; Bureau of Prisons 31 properties, 25,466.1 acres). The jurisdictional statuses of such properties are as follows:
97
____________________________________________________________
| Number | Area |
---------------------|----------------------|--------------|
| | Acres |
(a) Exclusive........| 11 and parts of 5....| 16,206.44 |
(b) Concurrent.......| None.................| ............ |
(c) Partial..........| 2....................| 2,016.4 |
(d) Proprietorial....| 23 and parts of 5...| [1] 2,962.84 |
(e) Unknown..........| 7 and parts of 2.....| [2] 4,349.9 |
____________________________________________________________
[1] Plus unspecified acreage of 3 prison camps.
[2] Plus unspecified acreage of 2 prison camps.
Data from questionnaire B.--Information reported by the Department of Justice agencies concerning the legislative jurisdictional status of their properties in the three States to which questionnaire B appertains may be summarized as follows:
__________________________________________________________
| Jurisdiction | Number | Area |
---------------------------------------------------------|
| | | Acres |
Virgina...........| Exclusive | 1 | 1540.4 |
| Proprietorial | 1 | [1] |
------------------|---------------|--------|-------------|
Kansas............| Partial | 1 | 768.21 |
------------------|---------------|--------|-------------|
California........| Exclusive | 3 | 44.04 |
| Proprietorial | 5 | 107.70 |
------------------|---------------|--------|-------------|
Total........| ............. | 11 | 2460.35 |
__________________________________________________________
[1] Unknown.
A total of approximately 333 persons, including approximately 120 children of school age, being Government employees or their families, reside on the Department's properties. These persons appear on the whole not to be discriminated against because of the status of the areas upon which they live. However, in instances the right to vote has been denied persons resident on lands under the exclusive (or partial) legislative jurisdiction of the United States. Indeed, it appears from information in the hands of the Committee that at least in the case of one installation of the Bureau of Prisons, at El Reno, Okla., the right to vote has been denied to residents although the installation would appear not to be within the legislative jurisdiction of the United States, the State having limited its cession of jurisdiction to the land involved for use of the land for military purposes only.
Agency views.--The Immigration and Naturalization Service has had a policy of not accepting jurisdiction over lands acquired for its purposes, and only in two instances, where lands were originally acquired by other agencies for other purposes, does the Service have lands over which the United States has legislative jurisdiction. The Service states that all its needs have been met under a proprietorial interest.
The Bureau of Prisons' practice with respect to the acquisition of legislative jurisdiction over its installations has in the past not been
98
uniform. The Bureau now feels, however, that concurrent jurisdiction would
be the most suitable for all prison sites.
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
A from questionnaire A.--The number of properties owned by the United States and occupied, operated, or supervised by the Department of the Interior approximates 1070 properties comprising over 215 million acres. The numbers of these properties under the various Bureaus of the Department are as follows:
Number of
Bureau: properties
National Park Service................... 161
Bureau of Reclamation................... 120
Fish and Wildlife Service............... 312
Bureau of Land Management............... 218
Bureau of Mines......................... 25
Geological Survey....................... 2
Southwestern Power Administration....... 128
Bonneville Power Administration......... 221
Bureau of Indian Affairs................ 101
Total.............................. 1,070
These properties are used for a number of purposes by the Department, the amounts devoted to these uses and the jurisdictional statutes of the land being indicated by the following table:
Character of Federal jurisdiction, classified by use [In acres, with number of properties in parenthesis]
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Character | Exclusive | Partial | Concurrent | Proprietorial |
----------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
Parks.......................| 2,907,442.35 (4) | [1] 5,211,428.36 (15) | ............ | 2,406,027.10 (7) |
Monuments...................| 5,663.93 (6) | ......................| ............ | 3,997,420.81 (73) |
Historical parks............| 116.50 (1) | ......................| ............ | 11,444.47 (5) |
Military parks..............| 16,456.71 (8) | ......................| 2,544.82 (1) | 5,341.80 (2) |
Battlefield parks...........| ................ | ......................| 3,094.21 (1) | 2,393.31 (2) |
Memorial parks..............| ................ | ......................| ............ | 64,648.50 (1) |
Battlefield sites...........| ................ | ......................| ............ | 188.63 (1) |
Memorials...................| 2.71 (1) | ......................| ............ | 4,420.61 (5) |
Historic sites..............| ................ | 8.61 (1) | ............ | 1,305.91 (9) |
Cemetaries..................| 200.43 (8) | ......................| 15.55 (1) | .....................|
Parkways....................| ................ | 26,657.55 (3) | ............ | 50,993.44 (2) |
National Capital parks......| ................ | [2] | ............ | 28,054.43 (1) |
Parkway projects............| ................ | 3,009.34 (2) | ............ | .....................|
Other projects..............| ................ | ......................| ............ | 21,560.54 (3) |
Reclamation [3].............| ................ | ......................| ............ | 9,003,195.85 (120) |
Wildlife refuges [4]........| 44,000.00 (1) | ......................| ............ | 9,200,504.00 (208) |
Fish cultural station [4]...| ................ | ......................| ............ | 15,511.00 (96) |
Fish and wildlife research | | | | |
stations [4]..............| ................ | ......................| ............ | 54.00 (7) |
Public domain...............| ................ | ......................| ............ | 179,863,289.00 (1) |
Mineral research............| ................ | 12.25 (1) | ............ | 443.77 (11) |
Helium production...........| ................ | 393.03 (2) | ............ | 26,306.98 (6) |
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[1] Includes some acreage under proprietorial jurisdiction.
[2] Includes Maryland portion of of the Baltimore-Washington Parkway, a part of which is under the exclusive criminal jurisdiction of the United States, and a part under concurrent criminal jurisdiction.
[3] Listed by project only, but including dams, flood control works, power stations, etc., often noncontiguous.
[4] All properties of the Fish and Wildlife Service are listed as proprietorial only since the Service never exercises more than proprietorial jurisdiction, despite the fact that greater jurisdiction is possibly tendered by numerous State laws.
99
Character of Federal jurisdiction,
classified by use--Continued
[In acres, with number of properties in parenthesis]
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Character | Exclusive | Partial | Concurrent | Proprietorial |
----------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
Drainage tunnel.............| ................ | ..................... | ............ | 169.28 (1) |
Oil and gas leasing.........| ................ | ..................... | ............ | 22.30 (2) |
Power substations, etc......| ................ | ..................... | ............ | 2,857.55 (203) |
Fee portions of transmission| | | | |
lines.....................| ................ | ..................... | ............ | 4,967.98 (39) |
Flood control sites.........| ................ | ..................... | ............ | 375.77 (107) |
Indian administration | | | | |
installations.............| ................ | ..................... | ............ | 2,750,000.00 (101) |
|------------------|-----------------------|--------------|----------------------|
Total..................| 2,973,882.63 (29)| 5,241,509.14 (24) | 5,664.58 (3) | 207,482,497.03 (912) |
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[In square feet, with number of properties in parenthesis]
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Administrative..............| ................ | ..................... | ............ | 241,847 (217) |
Research....................| ................ | ..................... | ............ | 109,120 (1) |
Rescue station..............| ................ | ..................... | ............ | 7,500 (1) |
|------------------|-----------------------|--------------|----------------------|
Total..................| 2,973,882.63 (29)| 5,241,509.14 (24) | 5,664.58 (3) | 358,467 (219) |
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Data from questionnaire B.--The acreage and jurisdictional statuses of properties held by the bureaus of the Department of the Interior in the States of Virginia, Kansas and California are reported as follows:
________________________________________________________________________________________________
Bureau [1] | Exclusive | Concurrent | Partial | Proprietorial | Total |
----------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------|
Geological Survey...........| ......... | .......... | ......... | 20 | 20 |
Bureau of Reclamation.......| ......... | .......... | 163,885 | 1,156,616 | 1,320,501 |
Bureau of Land Management...| ......... | .......... | ......... | 17,509,575 | 17,509,575 |
Bureau of Mines.............| ......... | .......... | 103 | ............. | 103 |
National Park Service.......| 1,140,361 | .....2,129 | 760,949 | 2,313,973 | 4,217,412 |
Fish and Wildlife Service...| ......... | .....6,189 | 150,718 | 9,031 | [2] 214,120 |
|-----------|------------|-----------|---------------|-------------|
Total..................| 1,140,361 | 8,318 | 1,075,655 | 20,989,215 | 23,261,731 |
________________________________________________________________________________________________
[1] Data furnished by Bureau of Indian Affairs did not permit compilation in areas of California, Kansas, and Virginia. Properties under management of that Bureau are therefore not included in this table.
[2] Including 48,182 acres the status of which is not known.
A general satisfaction was evidenced in the status quo of jurisdiction by the individual reporting installations. The only discernible trend was the preference of some national parks toward a concurrent legislative jurisdiction, which, in the majority of cases, was less than the existing status. The main practical advantage found in concurrent jurisdiction is the right of the Federal Government to provide adequate policing of isolated regions where the State authorities are either unable or unwilling to perform such services.
Residing on these installations are found 2,132 persons, most of whom are in areas within the limits of national parks. In this respect, it should be pointed out that many of these residents are residing on
100
lands which they own, but which are "inholdings" in national parks, plots
within the exterior boundaries of the parks.
There were no reported instances in which residents were denied equal vote, equal privileges, or equal use of facilities.
There are 524 school children residing on lands held by the Department of the Interior in California, Kansas, and Virginia. All of these children appear to be admitted to State schools on an equal basis with State residents. Only two installations reported that local schools received Federal grants-in-aid, the remainder were silent on this matter.
Regardless of jurisdictional status, in all cases except one vital statistics were maintained and related certificates issued by the State authorities. (one national military cemetery, however, reported that its record were maintained by the Federal Government.) Likewise, local coroners investigated any deaths occurring on the premises under unknown circumstances.
In almost all installations services of State notaries public were not available on the premises. Distances to the nearest notary public varied from one-fourth mile to 102 miles.
About half of the properties reported a need for the services of a United States commissioner. Distances to the nearest notary public varied from one in residence on the installation to 150 miles.
Most of the installations reported need of the services of local police and in all instances such services were rendered.
Fire protection was provided locally in 18 cases, by the Federal Government in 25, and reciprocally in 10 instances. The type of jurisdiction does not appear too relevant in determining the source of fire protection. Rather, such factors as size of the installation, size and resources of the surrounding localities, and remoteness of the installations are of paramount importance.
Agency views.--The policy of the Department of the Interior with respect to the acquisition of legislative jurisdiction over its properties and that the efficiency of Federal operation is not impaired by holding lands under a simple proprietorial interest. For certain national parks and monuments which cover vast areas and which are situated in remote regions of the country, partial jurisdiction is deemed necessary, although the Department recognizes that the State should have substantial authority in these federally owned areas. For certain wildlife refuges, where the problems seem to be similar, the Depart-
101
ment has indicated the possible desirability of a concurrent jurisdiction
status.
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Data from questionnaire A.--The six agencies of the Department of Agriculture which operate or supervise real property owned by the United States have a total of 532 properties aggregating 168,351,577 acres plus 39,433 square feet of office space, making the Department one of the largest landholding agencies of the Government (second only to the Department of the Interior). While most of the Department of Agriculture's land is held in a status of proprietorial interest only, the Department has lands in each of the other categories defined by the Committee. The following table summarizes the jurisdictional status of the lands:
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
| Exclusive | Concurrent | Partial | Proprietorial |
|------------------|----------------|--------------------|---------------------------|
| Acreage | Num- | Acreage | Num- | Acreage | Num- | Acreage | Num- |
| | ber | | ber | | ber | | ber |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
Agricultural Research | | | | | | | | |
Service..................| 36,799.2 | 6 | 8,404.6 | 1 | 39.7 | 1 | 312,455.2 | 67 |
Commodity Stabilization | | | | | | | | |
Service..................| ......... | .... | ....... | .... | ........... | .... | 354.8 | 12 |
Farmers Home Adminis- | | | | | | | | |
tration..................| ......... | .... | ....... | .... | ........... | .... | 13,414.6 | 103 |
Forest Service.............| 101,000.0 | 3 | ....... | .... | 5,644,000.0 |[1] 0 | 162,179,486.8 |[2] 292 |
Secretary's Office.........| 333.4 | 1 | ....... | .... | ........... | .... | | ...... |
Soil Conservation Service..| ......... | .... | ....... | .... | ........... | .... |[3] 55,286.7 | 46 |
|-----------|------|---------|------|-------------|------|------------------|--------|
Total.................| 138,132.6 | 10 | 8,404.6 | 1 | 5,644,039.7 |[1] 1 |[3] 162,560,998.1 |[2] 520 |
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[1] Plus unspecified number included under proprietorial.
[2] Less unspecified number for inclusion under partial.
[3] Plus 39,433 square feet.
It may be notes, incidentally, that with respect to a certain number of other properties the United States has be statute assumed authority over wildlife but this action appears to constitute an exercise of power under some other clause of the Constitution rather than assumption of jurisdiction under article I, section 8, clause 17.
Date from questionnaire B.--Responses from Department of Agriculture installations in Virginia, Kansas, and California indicate that 4 agencies of the Department of Agriculture supervise a total of 53 properties aggregating 21,502,772 acres and an additional 27,500 square feet, in the 3 States involved. Most of this property is held in a proprietorial interest only status, without legislative jurisdiction (51 areas aggregating 21,468,437 acres), but 3 areas aggregating 4,336 acres are held under exclusive legislative jurisdiction, and a portion (30,000 acres) of 1 otherwise proprietorial interest only property is held under a partial jurisdiction status. The status of the lands in these three States is shown in the following table:
102
___________________________________________________________________________________
| Acreage | Number |
--------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------|
California: | | |
Agricultural Research Service: | | |
Proprietorial.............................| 311.5 | 4 |
Exclusive.................................| 218.0 | 2 |
Farmers Home Administration: Proprietorial....| 39.9 | 1 |
Forest Service: Proprietorial.................| 19,978,476.1 | 28 |
Soil Conservation Service: Proprietorial......| 60.0 | 1 |
|-----------------|-------------|
Subtotal: | | |
Proprietorial...........................| 19,978,476.1 | 34 |
Exclusive...............................| 218.0 | 2 |
|-----------------|-------------|
California total..........................| 19,978,694.1 | 36 |
|=================|=============|
Kansas: | | |
Forest Service: Proprietorial.................| 106,474.0 | 1 |
Farmers Home Administration: Proprietorial....| 1,000.0 | 6 |
Soil Conservation Service: Proprietorial......|[1] 181.4 | 5 |
|-----------------|-------------|
Subtotal: Proprietorial (Kansas total)....|[1] 107,655.4 | 12 |
|=================|=============|
Virginia: | | |
Agricultural Research Service: Exclusive......| 4,118.0 | 1 |
Farmers Home Administration: Proprietorial....| 93.8 | 1 |
Forest Service: | | |
Proprietorial.............................| 1,382,212.0 | 3 |
Partial...................................| 30,000.0 | [2] |
| | |
Subtotal: | | |
Proprietorial...........................| 1,382,305.8 | 4 |
Exclusive...............................| 4,118.0 | 1 |
Partial.................................| 30,000.0 | [2] |
|-----------------|-------------|
Virginia total............................| 1,416,423.8 | 5 |
|=================|=============|
3-State total: | | |
Proprietorial.................................|[3] 21,468,437.3 | 50 |
Exclusive.....................................| 4,336.0 | 3 |
Partial.......................................| 30,000.0 | [2] |
|-----------------|-------------|
Total, 3 States...........................| 21,502,773.3 | 53 |
___________________________________________________________________________________
[1] Plus 2,450 square feet of space.
[2] 1 portion.
[3] Plus 2,450 square feet office space.
A total of 6,431 residents (approximately) are on the properties, including 1,328 children attending schools. While the great majority of residents are on Forest Service properties as to which the Federal Government has only a proprietorial interest, it appears that discriminations are not practiced by the States and local committees against the residents who are on other properties, and all resident children attend schools on an equal basis with other children.
It is noted that local police assistance is required and rendered from time to time on various properties, including some properties under the exclusive jurisdiction of the United States. A number of affirmative recommendations are made for proprietorial interest on the grounds that it expedites arrest and punishment of petty thieves by local authorities, and that local authorities under such a status can supervise the hunting of game. In a number of instances Federal authorities are not readily available to enforce law, and in some such cases law enforcement by local authorities has been reported by some installations as essential to the carrying out of their functions.
103
Agency views.--The Department of Agriculture is of the view that a proprietorial interest is sufficient to its needs as to all its properties. Consequently it is the policy of the Department to acquire no legislative jurisdiction over its land holdings.
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
Data from questionnaire A.--The reports of the seven agencies of the Department of Commerce (Bureau of the Census, Civil Aeronautics Administration, Coast and Geodetic Survey, Maritime Administration, Bureau of Standards, Bureau of Public Roads, and Weather Bureau), which occupy, operate, or supervises real property owned by the Federal Government in the several States, indicate that together these agencies have 263 such properties, aggregating 32,688.68 acres, plus 2 such-properties containing 474,360 square feet of office and storage space. The property supervised by the Department of Commerce is spread through the United States, excepting only 10 States, and is used for general office and storage space, air navigation aids, airports, regional headquarters, housing, geophysical and meteorological observatories, laboratories and testing areas, shipyards, marine terminals, warehouses, maritime training stations, reserve fleet installations, equipment depots, flight strips, and highway rights-of- way. The legislative jurisdictional status of areas operated under the department of Commerce may be summarized as follows:
___________________________________________________________
| | Area |
Jurisdiction | Number |---------------------------|
| | Unit | Amount |
--------------------|---------|---------------|-----------|
Exclusive...........| 5 | Acre..........| 48.3 |
Do.............| 2 | Square feet...| (474,360)|
Concurrent..........| None | ..............| None |
Partial.............| 1 | Acre..........| 616 |
Proprietorial.......| 251 | .....do.......| 31,623.64 |
Unknown.............| 6 | .....do.......| 32,688.68 |
--------------------|---------|---------------|-----------|
Total..........| 265 | .....do.......| 32,688.68 |
___________________________________________________________
104
Data from questionnaire B.--Responses from Department of Commerce installations in Virginia, Kansas, and California concerning legislative jurisdictional status may be summarized as follows:
Jurisdiction Number Acreage
Virginia...... Unknown........ 1 187
Exclusive...... None None
Concurrent..... None None
Partial........ 1 616
Proprietorial.. 8 3,045.93
Total........................ 10 3,848.93
Kansas........ None........... None None
California.... Unknown........ 1 2.5
Exclusive...... None None
Concurrent..... None None
Partial........ None None
Proprietorial.. 29 4,964.3
Total........................ 30 4,967.3
The several agencies on the whole have found the legislative jurisdictional status of their properties satisfactory. The predomination proprietorial--interest--only jurisdiction is chiefly preferred because of the local police protection which it beings. However, in one such case the Bureau of Public Roads reports difficulty in procuring police services and suggests the desirability of concurrent jurisdiction for the area; the problem apparently arises because of some misunderstanding. The mentioned Bureau also suggests the desirability of changing the legislative jurisdictional status of four of its installations from exclusive to concurrent for the purpose of strengthening its position when local police or fire protection services are required.
Eleven residents, including two school children, are located upon premise of the Department of Commerce in Virginia and California. Such residents are indicated as having accorded to them all services and privileges usually rendered by State and local governments only to residents of the State involved.
The Civil Aeronautics Authority makes special reference to the area occupied by the Washington National Airport, the jurisdiction of which is indicated as being partial, Virginia having reserved the right (1) to tax certain motor fuel and lubricants, (2) to serve civil and criminal process, and (3) to regulate the manufacture, sale, and use of alcoholic beverages. CAA finds satisfactory the current legislative jurisdictional status of Washington National Airport, excepting an existing State-imposed prohibition on the use of alcoholic beverages other than light wines and beer. In this connection it points out that travelers using the airport come from all parts of the world, that many have a vastly different outlook than is represented by Virginia laws and that the prohibitions on use of alcohol at the airport
105
seem arbitrary. CAA recommends transfer to Federal jurisdiction of
authority over this subject, but would have no objection to payment to Virginia
of taxes on alcohol consumed on the premises.
Agency views--The Department of Commerce apparently has no departmental policy with respect to the acquisition of legislative jurisdiction. However, all of the landholding agencies of the Department have a policy of accepting only a proprietorial interest in lands acquired for their several purposes.
The land-acquiring agencies of the Department, with the exception of the Bureau of Public Roads, and the CAA with respect to the Washington National Airport, whose views have been indicated, are of the view that it is unnecessary for the proper performance of Federal functions to acquire any measure of legislative jurisdiction over their installation sites.
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE
Date from questionnaire A.--The properties owned by the United States and occupied, operated, or supervised by agencies of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare aggregate 3,848.063 acres outside the District of Columbia. The major part of this land is composed of hospitals, most of which are held under exclusive Federal jurisdiction. The status of quarantine stations, which are located on land aggregating 88.8 acres, is for the most part unknown to the Department. The various agencies of the Department also occupy office space i buildings held by other Federal agencies. The jurisdictional status of these lands in indicated by the following table:
[Acres]
Total Exclusive Partial Proprie- Un-
torial Known
St. Elizabeth Hospital, Maryland... 307.0 307.0
Public Health Service:
Quarantine stations....... 88.8 .3 6.9 81.6
Hospitals................. 2,942.413 2,917.034 8.679 15.4 1.3
Communicable disease centers... 147.0 27.0 120.0
National Institutes of Health.. 362.85 306.2 35.15 21.5
Total............... 3,848.063 3,530.534 70.829 163.8 82.9
Data from questionnaire B.--The only bureau of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare which supervises federally owned property in any of the 3 States covered by this questionnaire is the Bureau of Medical Services, which has 4 properties in California and Virginia, 2 being in each State. Al such property is acquired and the status thereof is shown in the following table:
106
[All figures in acres]
______________________________________________________________________
| Total | California | Virginia |
-----------------------------------|--------|------------|-----------|
Exclusive..........................| 47.934 | 34.501 |[1] 13.433 |
Partial............................| 8.679 | .......... |[2] 8.679 |
Partial............................| 5.6 | 5.6 | ......... |
|--------|------------|-----------|
Partial............................| 62.213 | 40.101 | 22.112 |
______________________________________________________________________
[1] Portion of installation in Norfolk.
[2] Installation at Fort Monroe and portion at Norfolk.
A general satisfaction with the jurisdictional status quo was reported. Among the advantages of exclusive jurisdiction are listed the following: Federal property is not subject to State taxation; automobiles of personnel living on the reservation not subject to local taxes; disposition of personal effects upon death of patient according to departmental regulations rather than relinquishment of such effects to the local public administrator. Advantages accruing from holding property under partial jurisdiction and proprietorial interest include local fire and police protection, lectures on fire prevention, and trash collection.
There are 125 residents and 29 school children residing on the lands in question, 63 residents (12 children) in Virginia, and 62 residents (17 children) in California. The rights of State residency appear to be granted in every case: equal vote, equal schooling, equal privileges and equal use of facilities.
Vital statistics are maintained locally in all instances; the local coroner investigates deaths on three reservations, on the fourth such functions are performed by military authorities.
Notaries are available on the premises in two instances. Where not on the premises they were available at a short distance.
Services of a United States commissioner are stated to be required, and available, only at the San Francisco hospital.
Local police services are reported required in 2 instances, and available in only 1 of these cases. It is desired that such services be made available at Norfolk (exclusive jurisdiction, reports that local police investigate thefts and remove disorderly persons from the premises.
Fire protection is available locally on three premise; on the fourth, military authorities provide such services.
Agency views.--The Department of Health, Education, and Welfare indicates that prior to this study it had not formulated or expressed its views on appropriate jurisdictional status for the areas it occupies. For this and other reasons the practices of the subordinate agencies of the Department have varied with respect to the
107
acquisition of legislative jurisdiction. The National Institutes of Health
and the Bureau of Medical Services, which manage approximately nine-tenths of
the Departments's land holdings have acquired exclusive (or partial)
jurisdiction over essentially all of their installations. The practice of the
other agencies has not been uniform. All agencies seem to be reasonably
satisfied with the jurisdictional status quo. The Department recently has come
to the view that a proprietorial interest is most desirable for the large bulk
of its properties, and that a concurrent jurisdiction status is more desirable
in a relatively few of its institutions where special problems exist with
repeat to law enforcement.
ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION
Data from questionnaire A.--The Atomic Energy Commission operates 35 properties totaling 1,605,817.36 acres. These very in size from half-acre laboratories to 430,248-acre testing stations. The jurisdictional status of these properties is as follows:
_________________________________________________________________________________
| Acreage and jurisdiction |
Categories |--------------------------------------------------|
| Exclusive | Concurrent | Partial | Proprietorial |
-----------------------------|--------------------------------------------------|
30 Industrial................| 8,874 | 0.36 | 682 | 1,105,111 |
4 Industrial-community.......| 2,185 | 0 | 0 | 488,939 |
1 administrative.............| 0 | 0 | 0 | 26 |
|-----------|------------|---------|---------------|
Total (1,605,817.36)....| 11,059 | 0.36 | 682 | 1,594,076 |
_________________________________________________________________________________
Date from questionnaire B.--The Atomic Energy Commission occupies two properties in the State of California, and none in Virginia or Kansas. The 2 installations cover approximately 34,905 acres, of which 24,462 acres were withdrawn from the public domain, and 10,443 acres acquired land; 34,224 acres are held in a proprietorial interest only, and 681 acres under partial jurisdictional status.
One of the installations (partial jurisdiction) has no residents, another (proprietorial) 120, with 15 children of military personnel and 18 of civilians. These persons were allowed equal vote, equal use of State and local facilities, and equal privileges, and their children were given equal schooling, wit persons domiciled in the State.
Vital statistics were maintained by local authorities and investigations of deaths occurring on the premises were undertaken by the local coroner.
Notaries were available at 1 installation and were 24 miles distant at the other.
The installation held in a proprietorial interest only reported no need for a United States commissioner; the installation under partial
108
legislative jurisdiction replied affirmatively to such need and reported
that a United States commissioner was available 40 miles from the installation.
In the areas held in a proprietorial interest only, police functions are performed by hired guards who have been deputized as sheriffs by the local authorities. In the areas under partial jurisdiction, police functions are performed by guards who are members of the California State Highway Patrol. While the Commission indicates that it does not feel it necessary that guards have such local status, such status is customary policy with the University of California, a State corporation which operates the installation. It may be noted that the status apparently would give no authority to the guards, beyond that possessed by citizens generally, with respect to making arrests in this area.
In both instances, fire protection is Federal. The installation which was situated nearer to local communities had verbal reciprocal agreements with these communities.
Agency views.--The policy of the Atomic Energy Commission has been to acquire no legislative jurisdiction. Indeed, in the case of certain lands acquired from other Federal agencies which were subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of the United States, the Commission has sponsored legislation which allowed it to retrocede jurisdiction to the States.
The Atomic Energy Commission has found that a proprietorial interest only is entirely satisfactory for all categories of property operated by that agency. For properties on which communities are located the Commission considers that a proprietorial interest only offers distinct advantages over other jurisdictional categories.
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
Data from questionnaire A.--The Central Intelligence Agency reports that it has two properties, both used for foreign radio monitoring. These properties cover 579.3 acres of acquired land, all of which are held in a simple proprietorial interest, although greater jurisdiction could have been obtained under the applicable State laws.
Data from questionnaire B.--The Central Intelligence Agency operates only 1 property located in the 3 selected States, that one being in California. This is a foreign radio monitoring station on 483 acres of acquired land, all held under a proprietorial interest only. A broader jurisdiction could have been accepted under the laws of California.
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The California station reports that, "We have not experienced known disadvantage because of the application of State and local building, fire and health regulations, or other State or local law. Arrangements with local authorities and efficiency of administration doubtless have been furthered by our compliance with local pattern."
There are no residents on the California property, hence no vital statistics. Likewise, there has never been an occasion to use the service of a coroner.
A notary public is not available; the nearest one is situated about 8 miles away.
There is believed no need for the services of a United States Commissioner in the administration of the premises.
Services of State police have not been needed, but it is understood that they will be furnished if needed.
Fire protection is provided by the Central Intelligence Agency. No reciprocal arrangements with nearby localities are reported.
Agency views.--The policy of the Central Intelligence Agency with respect to the acquisition of legislative jurisdiction has been to acquire no jurisdiction over any of its properties.
Since, in the view of the Agency, the status of proprietorial-- interest--only is not inconsistent with high security standards, it favors a proprietorial interest status for all its properties.
FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION
Data from questionnaire A.--The Federal Communications Commission reports that it operates 12 properties having an area of 1,715.45 acres. All 12 properties are used as radio monitoring stations. Of this acreage 87.27 is stated to be under the exclusive jurisdiction of the United States, and the remaining 1,628.18 acres are under a simple proprietorial interest only.
Data from questionnaire B.--For radio monitoring purposes, the Commission holds 190 acres of acquired land in a proprietorial interest in California. It also maintains 7,700 square feet of office space in that State. In the State of Virginia it occupies 1,020 square feet of office space. It neither holds, supervises, nor uses any land in Kansas.
The Commission feels that the proprietorial status of its California lands is adequate for the purposes for which they are held. It notes that no particular disadvantages, problems, or advantages have arisen from the application of State or local laws.
There are no residents on the premises. Should the occasion arise, a local coroner would investigate
deaths, and records of vital statistics would be kept by the local authorities.
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Notaries are available at only one of the California monitoring stations.
Generally at the monitoring stations there is no need for the services of a United States commissioner. However, at the various district offices such services are occasionally necessary in connection with enforcement matters.
Agency views.--Since 1940 it has been the policy of the Commission not to obtain any measure of legislative jurisdiction over its land acquisitions.
It is the view of the Commission a proprietorial interest only is wholly sufficient for the performance of fall its Federal functions.
It is the view of the Commission a proprietorial interest only is wholly sufficient for the performance of all its Federal functions.
GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION
Date from questionnaire A.--The General Services Administration, as the manager of Federal buildings throughout the United States used by various Federal agencies for various purposes, including predominantly post offices and general office space, supervises a much larger number of individual pro(3,9904) than any other agency of the United States, more than a third (by number) of all properties owned by the Federal Government. The use and description of the 3,904 properties reported by General Services Administration, including the acreage and the jurisdictional status of the holdings are presented in the following chart:
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______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
| | Pieces of | Land | | | | | |
| | property |-------------------------------------| Exclu- | Concur-| Par- |Proprie-| Total |
Description | Property-use code | in cate- | Building | Urban | Rural | sive | rent | tial | torial | |
| | gory | (square feet) | (acres) | (acres) | | | | | |
------------------------------------|-------------------------|-----------|---------------|----------|----------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|
I. Office, office building.......| 113, 210............... | 3,471 | 102,326,469 | 3,621.7 | 408.1 | 3,244 | 12 | 204 | 11 | 3,471 |
II. Vacant post office sites......| 121.................... | 163 | 120,694 | 114.3 | 9.9 | 136 | 14 | 12 | 1 | 163 |
III. Vacant........................| 119.................... | 53 | 500 | 58.4 | 730.8 | 51 | ...... | 2 | ...... | 53 |
IV. Other land....................| 170, 101, 106, 107, 116 | 32 | 839,360 | 453.0 | 18,965.2 | 26 | 1 | 5 | ...... | 32 |
V. Housing.......................| 230.................... | 31 | 3,169,532 | 423.6 | 827.9 | 27 | ...... | 4 | ...... | 31 |
VI. Storage, land and buildings...| 117, 240............... | 41 | 10,214,989 | 386.4 | 439.4 | 35 | 2 | 4 | ...... | 41 |
VII. Industrial....................| 105, 250............... | 54 | 9,062,458 | 6,733.3 | 10,177.6 | 45 | 3 | 6 | ...... | 54 |
VIII. Structures and facilities.....| 370, 304, 115, 111..... | 15 | 480,879 | 187.9 | 148.2 | 10 | ...... | 5 | ...... | 15 |
IX. Institutional.................| 110, 221, 229.......... | 44 | 16,644,747 | 6,220.0 | 28,643.0 | 42 | ...... | 1 | ...... | 44 |
|-------------------------|-----------|---------------|----------|----------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|
Total........................| ....................... | 3,904 | 142,859,628 | 18,198.6 | 60,350.1 | 3,616 | 32 | 243 | 13 | 3,904 |
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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While the area GSA properties held in each jurisdictional status is not specified in the GSA report, it is indicated that 3,616 properties (92.6 percent) are held in an exclusive jurisdiction status, 32 properties (0.8 percent) in a concurrent jurisdictional status, 243 (6.2 percent) in a partial jurisdiction status, and 13 (0.4 percent) in a proprietorial interest only status. By applying these percentages across the board to the total areas of its properties in each of the categories (buildings, urban land, and rural land) reported by GSA the following results are obtained:
______________________________________________________________________________
| | | | Land |
| | | Buildings |-----------------------|
| Number | Percent | (square | Urban | Rural |
| | | feet) | (square | (acres) |
| | | | feet) [1] | |
--------------------|--------|---------|-------------|-------------|---------|
Exclusive...........| 3,616 | 92.6 | 132,288,015 | 734,068,921 | 55,884 |
Concurrent..........| 32 | .8 | 1,142,877 | 6,341,848 | 483 |
Partial.............| 243 | 6.2 | 8,857,297 | 49,149,323 | 3,742 |
Proprietorial.......| 13 | .4 | 571,439 | 3,170,924 | 241 |
|--------|---------|-------------|-------------|---------|
Total..........| 3,904 | 100.0 | 142,859,628 | 792,731,016 | 60,350 |
______________________________________________________________________________
[1] Converted to square feet from average reported. Data from questionnaire B.--The areas and jurisdictional statuses of General Services Administration properties in the States of Virginia, Kansas, and California, as to which reasonably detailed information was furnished, are as indicated by the following table:
________________________________________________________________________________________
| Exclusive | Concurrent | Partial | Proprietorial | Unknown |
------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------|
Kansas: | 2,664,693 | | | | |
Square feet...........| 2,664,693 | .......... | ....... | ............. | ......... |
Acres.................| 2,664,693 | .......... | ....... | ............. | ......... |
Virginia: | 2,664,693 | | | | |
Square feet...........| 2,664,693 | .......... | 605,700 | ............. | 0.46 |
Acres.................| 2,664,693 | .......... | ....... | ............. | ......... |
California: | 2,664,693 | | | | |
Square feet...........| 2,664,693 | .......... | 86,084 | 885,938 | 1,548,423 |
Acres.................| 41.3 | .......... | 3.6 | 22.5 | 3,411.4 |
________________________________________________________________________________________
Individual General Services Administration installations in California (29 in number), the legislative jurisdictional status of which is known, whatever that jurisdictional status, without exception indicate that a proprietorial interest status is the most desirable for the installation involved. Individual installations in Virginia (15 in number) the jurisdictional status of which is known, nearly all being in an exclusive status, are approximately evenly divided on whether that is the most desirable status, with half of the installations favoring lessening the status to one under which the State would be authorized and required to render police and fire services. Individual installations in Kansas (6 in number) the jurisdictional status of which is known, all but 1 recently acquired property being in an
113
exclusive status, consider exclusive jurisdiction the most desirable
status.
Only one installation (Tecale, Calif.) indicated that there were any residents on the area. This installation reported a total of 10 residents and no children. Although the installation is held under exclusive jurisdiction, the report indicated that equal schooling was available. It likewise disclosed that these residents were granted equal privileges and equal use of facilities.
In a substantial majority of the cases, vital statistics are taken and maintained by local authorities regardless of the status of cases no occasion has arisen requiring services of a coroner. Only 3 reports show that a local coroner investigates deaths, in 1 instance by contract with the installation, which had an exclusive jurisdiction status.
Availability of notarial services was reported affirmatively in 20 instances and negatively in 30 cases. This question was not answered in 16 reports. Where no notary was on the installation such services were generally available within a short distance. In 13 cases these services were performed on areas under exclusive Federal jurisdiction, notwithstanding the questionable validity of such notarizations.
Services of a United States commissioner were required in only 4 instances and a negative report was received in 47 cases. In the four cases requiring the services of a United States commissioner, such services were available in the same building.
Twenty-seven installations reported a need for local police services while 24 installations indicated no need for such services. In none of the 27 reports indicating a need for local police services was there any indication that such services were in fact rendered. However, 6 installations reported that the local police were reluctant to make arrests or to quell disturbances on the area, thus indicating that services were rendered in part.
Whether or not local fire protection was rendered does not appear to depend upon the jurisdictional status of the land in question. This is substantiated by the fact that 50 installations, 26 of which are held under exclusive Federal jurisdiction, reported that local authorities furnished fire protection for the area. Only two installations reported that such protection was rendered by the Federal Government, and no report disclosed a reciprocal arrangement.
Agency views.--The apparent practice of General Services Administration and its predecessor agencies with respect to the acquisition of legislative jurisdiction was until about 1947 to obtain exclusive jurisdiction over all properties acquired, without reference to the
114
need of the Federal agencies which might occupy the property. The practice
subsequent to that time has not been made known to the Committee but from the
facts furnished the Committee it is surmised that exclusive jurisdiction is
almost uniformly required.
The General Services Administration did
not in the first instance express any agency opinion as to the desirability of
any particular measure of legislative jurisdiction. The opinion among regional
counsel, whose views were forwarded, was divided. Among those who had little or
no experience with any from of legislative jurisdiction other than exclusive,
the consensus was to maintain the status quo. Among those who had substantial
experience with lesser forms of jurisdiction the consensus was in favor of
concurrent jurisdiction or a proprietorial interest only. Later, the General
Services
Administration expressed the view that with amendment of existing
legislation so as to permit appointment of special police without reference to
jurisdictional status a proprietorial interest only would be sufficient for its
properties. In the absence of such amendment, a concurrent legislative
jurisdiction status would be desirable for properties requiring special police
service, and a proprietorial interest for others.
HOUSING AND HOME FINANCE AGENCY
Date from questionnaire A.--The only subagency of the Housing and Home Finance Agency which occupies, operates, or supervises properties of a type to bring them within the cognizance of this Committee is the Public Housing Administration. That Administration holds an estimated 17,205.28 acres (plus certain unascertained acreage) of federally owned land, on which are located 403 projects, with approximately 121,879 housing units, of which are approximately 79,263 are occupied. Some of these projects are located in part on leased lands, but the leased land is not included in the mentioned acreage. In addition, the Public Housing Administration is in charge of and operates housing projects situated on land owned by the United States which is under the supervision of other Government agencies, particularly the Department of Defense. The jurisdictional status of nearly all of this acreage is proprietorial.
Data from questionnaire B.--In the three States to which the Committee's questionnaire B pertains (California, Kansas, and Virginia) the Agency holds something over 7,708 acres of land, principally under a proprietorial interest only status, on which are located 74 housing projects.
In California, Kansas, and Virginia, a total of 42,685 children are resident on land of the Agency; 16,263 of this total are children of civilians, and 26,422 are children of military personnel.
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No report is made of any practice by States or municipalities of discrimination against residents of such of these properties as are under a proprietorial jurisdictional status with respect to voting or other rights and privileges generally accorded to State residents. Some such discriminations are indicated as having been practiced, at least in Kansas, with respect to residents of areas under the exclusive legislative jurisdiction of the United States. It appears, however, that in most instances land in Kansas and elsewhere utilized for housing projects by the Agency, though formerly under the exclusive legislative jurisdiction of the State (because of a provision of the Lanham Act (42 U.S.C. 1547)). California, pursuant to State judicial decisions, apparently permits the full exercise of civil rights and privileges by residents of Federal housing projects. All housing now held by the Agency in Virginia is in a proprietorial interest only status and no question of denial of civil rights or privileges arises.
Agency views.--In the view of the Housing and Home Finance Agency there is no need for the acquisition of legislative jurisdiction over Federal housing projects and the practice of the Agency has been to acquire none.
INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY AND WATER COMMISSION, UNITED STATES AND
MEXICO
Data from questionnaire A.--The number of properties owned by the United States and occupied, operated, or supervised by the International Boundary and Water Commission is 7, comprising 99,284 acres. The jurisdictional status of these lands is reflected in the following table:
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
| Number | Concurrent | Proprietorial | Total |
Category | | acreage | acreage | acreage |
------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|
Flood control.........................................| 4 | 488 | 17,604 | 18,092 |
Multipurpose (flood control, water storage, and power | | | | |
generation..........................................| 2 | .......... | 81,125 | 81,125 |
Storage...............................................| 1 | .......... | 67 | 67 |
|--------|------------|---------------|---------|
Total............................................| 7 | 488 | 96,796 | 99,284 |
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Data from questionnaire B.--As the United States does not hold title to land in Virginia, Kansas, or California under the supervision of the Commission, there were no responses to questionnaire B Agency views.--It is the opinion of the commissioner that there is no need for Federal legislative jurisdiction with respect to the various categories of Federal lands operated by the agency.
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TENNESSEE VALLEY AUTHORITY
Data from questionnaire A.--The properties owned by the United States and occupied, operated, or supervised by the Tennessee Valley Authority number 487 aggregating 761,226 acres of land, plus 158,634 square feet of office space in 3 buildings. Nearly 98 percent of the total acreage of Tennessee Valley Authority properties is accounted for by 38 dam and reservoir sites, but substantial areas are utilized for steam plants, transmission substations, radio stations and microwave links, general offices, field headquarters, chemical plants, phosphate mining, river terminate, tree crop nurseries, garages, general service reservations, quarry sites and tributary watershed erosion control.
The jurisdictional status of these lands is an indicated in the table following:
_________________________________________________________
Jurisdiction | Number | Area |
------------------------|-------------------------------|
Exclusive...............| 10 | 2,855 acres |
| 2 | 95,700 square feet |
Concurrent..............| None | None |
Partial.................| None | None |
Proprietorial...........| 474 | 758,371 acres |
| 1 | 62,934 square feet |
_________________________________________________________
Date from questionnaire B.--Of the three States to which questionnaire B pertains, Tennessee Valley Authority has property in only 1, Virginia, in which are located 4 installations consisting of part of a reservoir, 2 transmission substations, and transmission line, with a total area of 1,211 acres, all of which are in a proprietorial--interest--only status.
The United States Forest Service gives fire protection to certain of the premises, with additional such protection available from State authorities. The other premises are given fire protection by a neighboring municipality, on a reimbursable basis for any services actually rendered.
Police services which may be required with respect to any of the premises from time to time, and such other governmental services as may be needed in the case of drowning in the reservoirs are furnished by local authorities.
The premises have no residents, and only one employee, and have no requirement for any governmental services other than those mentioned. The Tennessee Valley Authority indicates that no problems arise out of the fact that the United States has only a proprietorial interest in these premises, with general legislative jurisdiction left in the State, and it considers this jurisdictional status as best suited tot he premises.
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Agency views.--The Tennessee Valley Authority has policy of not accepting legislative jurisdiction over lands acquired for its purposes, and the United States holds such jurisdiction over only such of Tennessee Valley Authority's property as was acquired from other Federal agencies.
UNITED STATES INFORMATION AGENCY
Data from questionnaire A.--The United States Information Agency holds five properties, all of which are used for radio transmitter purposes. These properties total 5,229.5 acres, all held in a proprietorial capacity by the United States. It is not stated whether these lands were in the public domain or were acquired.
Data from questionnaire B.--The United States Information Agency holds 2 properties in the State of California, each comprising 640 acres. These 1,280 acres of acquired land are held in a proprietorial interest, and both are used for radio transmitters. No lands are held by the agency in Kansas or Virginia.
These installations feel that a proprietorial status is best suited for their purposes. They do not specify any reasons for this belief, however. Local laws and regulations, they report, have created neither disadvantages and problems nor advantages.
There are no residents on either of these properties. Notaries are located within 1 and 5 miles of the 2 installations.
The services of a United States commissioner are not required. Likewise there is no need for local police services.
Agency views.--In the view of the United States Information Agency a proprietorial--interest--only status is most suitable for its properties. Consequently, the practice of that agency has been to acquire no legislative jurisdiction over the sites of its installations.
VETERANS' ADMINISTRATION
Data from questionnaire A.--The properties owned by the United States and occupied, operated, or supervised by the Veterans' Administration number 176 installations, plus 14 vacant installation sites, and are located in all 48 States. The areas occupied by these units in the States vary in size from 3 acres to 2,367 acres, with an average area of 230 acres, and a total area of 43,874 acres. The numbers and total approximate areas of properties reported to be under the several types of jurisdiction are indicated in the following table:
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_____________________________________________________________
Jurisdiction | Number | Acreage |
--------------------|------------------------|--------------|
Exclusive...........| 149 and parts of 4.... | 38,256.32 |
Concurrent..........| 11.................... | 1,787.3 |
Partial.............| 6......................| 679.0 |
Proprietorial.......| 18 and parts of 4......| 3,151.375 |
_____________________________________________________________
In addition, the Veterans' Administration reports occupancy of one parcel, consisting of 24.04 acres, owned by the Departments of the Army and Air Force, subject to exclusive jurisdiction, and 1 parcel, consisting of 96.2 acres, which may be subject to either exclusive or partial jurisdiction.
Data from questionnaire B.--The Veterans' Administration reported 3 properties in Virginia (totaling 687 acres), 3 in Kansas (totaling 1,117 acres), and 10 in California, including a vacant site of 208 acres (totaling 2,173 acres). These landholding constitute 5 percent of the total holdings reported by the Veterans' Administration, and no reason appears why they should not constitute a faire sample of all Veterans' Administration properties. The following table summarizes certain information concerning the properties in the 3 States. The meanings of the letters following the jurisdictional designations are explained in the matter following the table.
___________________________________________________________________________________
Location | Area | Jurisdiction |
--------------------------|--------|----------------------------------------------|
Virginia: | Acres | |
Kecoughtan...........| 85 | Exclusive a, a, a, a. |
Richmond.............| 156 | Partial c, b, b, c. |
Roanoke..............| 445 | Exclusive a, a, a, a. |
Kansas: | | |
Topeka: | | |
2 tracts........| 423 | Partial c, a, a, c. |
2d tract........| ...... | Partial or proprietorial c, (?), a, c, or d. |
Wadsworth............| 645 | Exclusive c, a, a, a. |
Wichita..............| 49 | Partial c, c, a, c. |
California: | | |
Livermore............| 234 | Partial c, c, a, c. |
Los Angeles..........| 713 | Exclusive a, a, a, a. |
Oakland..............| 3 | Proprietorial d, d, d, d. |
Fresno...............| 18 | Proprietorial d, d, d, d. |
Long Beach...........| 100 | Partial c, c, a, c. |
Palo Alto............| 96 | Exclusive d, a or c, b, or c, a |
San Fernando.........| 617 | Partial d, c, d, c. |
San Francisco........| 23 | Exclusive a, a, a, a. |
___________________________________________________________________________________
The letters in the last column of the table represent the several types of jurisdiction as defined by the Committee: a = exclusive; b = concurrent; c = partial; and d = proprietorial interest only. The letter or letters before the first comma after each spelled-out specification of jurisdiction in the table indicate the view of the Assistant Administrator for Construction, Veterans' Administration, ass to the character of the jurisdiction of the United States over the piece of property involved; the letter or letters between the first two commas indicate the view of the manager of the establishment as to the jurisdiction had over the property; the next letter or set of letters indicates
119
the view of the General Counsel of the Veterans' Administration; and the
last letter or set of letters indicates the view of the Committee staff. Of
considerable significance is deemed the fact that in only 6 of the 14 cases
analyzed did all 4 parties agree on the character of the jurisdiction held by
the United States.
The establishment managers expressed nearly 100 percent satisfaction with the jurisdictional status had by the establishments under their supervision, whatever that status might be. In one instance only did the manager of an establishment suggest the desirability of a change in its status, from exclusive to concurrent jurisdiction.
The 14 reported installations each have from 14 to 676 more or less permanent residents. The total is 2,2337 of whom 175 are children of school age. In addition, of course, there are many thousands of persons on these installations as patients and similar inhabitants.
It is indicated by the returns that at 11 of the installations the permanent residents are permitted to vote in State elections on the basis of their residence on the installation involved, whatever the jurisdictional status of such installation may be. This privilege is denied to residents of only three installations.
With respect to every installation it is indicated that children are accepted at local public schools on the same basis as State residents, and in only one case is it indicated that the school district involved receives Federal assistance (W) and in one case that the children are given Federal transportation to the school (Livermore).
In all but two instances it is reported that residents of the federal areas receive equal use of State and local governmental facilities and equal privileges with persons domiciled in the State involved. In the two instances which are exceptions it is indicated in one (Kecoughtan) simply that residents have access to governmental facilities furnished by local and State governments but are not granted other privileges usually accorded only to persons domiciled in the State, such discriminations in practice have not been applied against residents of the Federal installation involved, although doubt is expressed as to whether a discrimination might not applied in certain instances.
In every instance agencies of the appropriate city, county, or State, maintain vital statistics for the Veterans' Administration installations which reported to the Committee. In all but three cases the local coroner investigates deaths occurring on the premises under unknown circumstances; in only one of such cases the FBI investigates (Los Angeles), in another case the circumstances are made known to the coroner and there apparently exists complete cooperation be-
120
tween him and the installation authorities, although he has not conducted a
personal investigation in many years (Kecoughtan), and in the third case no
explanation is given beyond the fact that the local coroner does not conduct
investigations in connection with such deaths.
In all but two cases services of a State notary are available on the premises, frequently furnished by an employee of the Veterans' Administration.
In three instances where the United States has exclusive jurisdiction with respect to punishment for crimes (Palo Alto, San Fernando, and San Francisco), the manager indicated that there was no requirement for the services of a United States commissioner in the administration of the premises. This may be explained by the fact that in these 3 instances, and in 6 others, services are rendered to the premises by local police, who presumably utilize the local system of judicial administration in processing offenders against the laws. Another explanation may lie in the sometimes considerable distance of installations from the nearest commissioner, who may be as for as 35 miles away (Livermore). In 1 of the only 5 cases in which local police do not render services (Roanke) the manager suggests the advisability of a change in the status of his installation from exclusive to concurrent jurisdiction.
In 9 of the 14 reporting cases the Federal Government maintains fire-fighting equipment, but in each instance such equipment apparently is inadequate to cover all possible emergencies, since in each instance arrangements have been made on a reciprocal or other basis for assistance from local municipal or other fire-fighting equipment. In the five other cases fire-fighting protection is furnished only by equipment of the local municipality.
Agency views.--The policy of the Veterans' Administration with respect to the acquisition of legislative jurisdiction has for many years been to acquire exclusive jurisdiction where possible, except as to office buildings and some other types of buildings located in cities.
It was the consensus of the Administration that exclusive Federal legislative jurisdiction except as to some urban buildings in general best suits the requirements of the Veterans' Administration, although in some specific instances certain rights should be had by the States on a concurrent basis.
MISCELLANEOUS AGENCIES
Various agencies have reported to the Interdepartmental Committee that their landholding, if any, either were insubstantial or were administered or controlled by other Government agencies. Accordingly, report from these agencies are summarized together.
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The following agencies reported that they administered or controlled no real estate within the purview of the study:
(a) Arlington Memorial Amphitheater Commission. (b) National Capital Planning Commission.
(c) Rubber Producing Facilities Disposal Commission.
(d) Office of Defense Mobilization.
(e) Farm Credit Administration, including Government-owned corporate units thereunder.
The following agencies reported that they
occupied some property, generally office space, which was controlled and
administered by other agencies. These latter agencies have presumably included
the amounts thereof in their reports:
(a) Department of Labor. (b) Railroad Retirement Board.
(c) Federal Civil Defense Administration.
(d) Department of State.
(e) Federal Power Commission.
(f) Civil Aeronautics Board.
(g) Small Business Administration.
(h) Post Office Department.
The following agency reported relatively small landholding for which it is charged with the responsibilities of control and administration:
National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics. The extent of and types of jurisdiction relative to holdings of NACA can be summarized as follows:
______________________________________________________________________
Jurisdiction | Number of | Area |
| properties | |
-----------------------------------------|------------|--------------|
| | Acres |
Exclusive................................| 2 | [1] 317.14 |
Concurrent...............................| 2 | [2] 9,069 |
Partial..................................| .......... | ............ |
Proprietorial............................| .......... | ............ |
______________________________________________________________________
[1] Includes 67.77 acres held by permit from Department of the Navy.
[2] Includes 200 acres held by permit from Department of the Air Force. In addition NACA occupies 16,000 square feet of space on lease from the Department of Defense (Air Force), for which no jurisdictional status was specified. The agency holds 8,869 acres in Virginia under concurrent jurisdiction, 3,937 acres in California under exclusive jurisdiction, and no acreage in Kansas.
The agencies listed in the immediately preceding paragraphs which occupied property were unanimous in stating that no difficulties had arisen with respect to the jurisdictional status under which they held their properties. Accordingly, no agency considered itself in a posi-
122
tion to comment upon the desirability of one type of Federal jurisdiction
rather than another.
The St. Lawrence Seaway Corporation, in an interim reply to the Committee, reported that the land acquisition program on behalf of the Corporation had been completed and that the Corporation itself was not as yet operating any works upon the St. Lawrence River. The reply further stated that while the officers and staff of that agency had been discussing for some time the various problems which might arise in connection with security, search, and seizure on the St. Lawrence River within the boundaries of the seaway, police jurisdiction along the locks and canals of the seaway, and similar problems, the Corporation had not as yet arrived at a policy determination with respect to these matters.
Tables I, II, and III, which follow, summarize some of the information obtained from the agencies through questionnaires A and B. Table I contains information as to the amount of real properly held countrywide by Federal agencies and its legislative jurisdictional status. Table II contains similar information with respect to Federal real property located in the States of Virginia, Kansas, and California. Table III reports the number of residents (other than persons in the military service and inmates of institutions) and the number of children living on installations of the various Federal agencies in the three States concerning which information was sought.
123
Table I.
Table I.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
| Number | | | | | | |
Agency | of prop- | Total | Exclusive | Partial | Concurrent | Proprietorial | Unknown |
| erties | | | | | | |
-----------------------------|----------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------|-------------------|
Treasury Department..........|[1] 659 |[2] 666,154 square feet, | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... |[2] 666,154 square feet | 8,982 acres. |
| | 9,348.6 acres | | | | 366.6 acres | |
Department of the Army.......|[3] 574 | 7,028,120 acres | 1,671,551 acres | 1,030,489 acres | 151,307 acres | 3,277,367 acres | 857,406 acres. |
Department of the Air Force..| 189 | 6,367,498 acres | 371,100 acres | 201,018 acres | 10,895 acres | 5,744,485 acres | |
Department of the Navy.......| 614 |[4] 87,000 square feet, |[4] 87,000 square feet | 153,085 acres | 214,821 acres | 1,646,891 acres | |
| |[5] 3,417,174 acres | 1,085,698 acres | | | | |
Department of Justice........| 48 | 25,534.58 acres | 16,205.44 acres | 2,016.4 acres | ........................... | 2,962.84 acres | 4,349.9 acres. |
Department of the Interior...| 1,070 |[4] 358,467 square feet | 2,973,882.63 acres | 5,241,509.14 acres | 5,664.58 acres |[4] 358,457 square feet | |
| | 215,703,553.38 acres | | | | 207,482,497.03 acres | |
Department of Agriculture....| 532 |[2] 39,433 square feet | 138,132.6 acres | 5,644,039.7 acres | 8,406.6 acres |[2] 39,433 square feet | |
| | 168,351,577 acres | | | | 162,568,598.1 acres | |
Department of Commerce.......| 265 |[2] 474,360 square feet |[2] 474,360 square feet, | 616 acres | ........................... | 31,623.64 acres | 400.74 acres. |
| | 32,688.68 acres | 48.3 acres | | | | |
Department of Health, Edu- | 37 | 3,848.063 acres | 3,503.534 acres | 70.829 acres | ........................... | 163.8 acres | 82.9 acres. |
cation, and Welfare........| | | | | | | |
Atomic Energy Commission.....| 35 | 1,606,817.36 acres | 11,059 acres | 682 acres | 0.36 acres | 1,594,076 acres | |
Central Intelligence Agency..| 2 | 579.3 acres | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | 579.3 acres | |
Federal Communications | 12 | 1,715.45 acres | 87.27 acres | ........................... | ........................... | 1,628.18 acres | |
Commission.................| | | | | | | |
General Services Adminis- |[6] 3,904 |[2] 142,859,628 square feet, |[2] 132,288,015 square feet, |[2] 8,857,297 square feet, |[2] 1,422,877 square feet, |[2] 571,439 square feet, | |
tration....................| |[4] 792,731,016 square feet, |[4] 734,068,291 square feet, |[4] 49,149,323 square feet, |[4] 6,341,848 square feet, |[4] 3,170,924 square feet, | |
| | 60,350 acres | 55,884 acres | 3,742 acres | 483 acres | 241 acres | |
Housing and Home Finances | 403 | 17,205.28 acres | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | 17,205.28 acres | |
Agency.....................| | | | | | | |
International Boundary and | 7 | 99,284 acres | ........................... | ........................... | 488 acres | 98,796 acres | |
Water Commission, United | | | | | | | |
States and Mexico..........| | | | | | | |
Tennessee Valley Authority...| 487 |[2] 158,634 square feet, |[2] 95,700 square feet, | ........................... | ........................... |[2] 62,934 square feet, | |
| | 761,226 acres. | 2,855 acres | | | 758.371 acres | |
U.S. Information Agency......| 5 | 5,229.5 acres | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | 5,229.5 acres | |
Veterans Administration......| 190 | 43,873.996 acres | 38,256.32 acres | 679 acres | 1,787.3 acres | 3,151.375 acres | |
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[1] Includes only areas of known jurisdictional status.
[2] Building space.
[3] Does not include river and harbor and flood-control projects.
[4] Urban land.
[5] Total based on corrected figures furnished by Navy. Corrected breakdown by jurisdictional status not furnished by the Navy.
[6] Areas of these properties under each type of jurisdiction are computed from the total percent of each type of classification and from the total area.
124
Table II.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
| | Number | | | | | | |
Agency | States | of prop- | Total | Exclusive | Partial | Concurrent | Proprietorial | Unknown |
| | erties | | | | [Acres] | | |
-----------------------------|------------|----------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------|------------------------|
Treasury Department..........| California | (?) | 95,164 square feet, | 1,104.194 acres | ........................... | ........................... | 2.76 acres, | 7 acres. |
| | | 1,113.954 acres | | | | 95,164 square feet | |
| Kansas | ........ | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | |
| Virginia | (?) | 277,204 acres, | 189.31 acres | 18.729 | 0.42 | 68,525 acres | 0.22 acres |
| | | 103 rod and 18 perch | | | | 103 rod and 18 perch | |
Department of the Army.......| California | 49 | 1,049,909 acres | 23,244 acres | 18,548 | ........................... | 1,008,117 acres | |
| Kansas | 4 | 83,890 acres | 9,563 acres | 4,327 | ........................... | ........................... | |
| Virginia | 14 |[1] 158,518 acres | 34,883 acres | ........................... | 122,614 | 1,909 acres | |
Department of the Navy.......| California | 67 | 93,418 square feet, | 186,309 acres | 136,405 | 32 | 2,114,028 acres | |
| | |[2] 2,435,154 acres | | | | | |
| Kansas | 2 | 20,000 square feet | 4,157 acres | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | |
| | | 4,157 acres | | | | | |
| Virginia | 39 | 118,108 acres | 41,322 acres | ........................... | 3,633 | 73,150 acres | |
Department of the Air Force..| California | 16 |[3] 421,829 acres | 100,792 acres | 165,425 | ........................... | 155,304 acres | |
| Kansas | 5 | 40,531 acres | 160 acres | 40,371 | ........................... | ........................... | |
| Virginia | 2 | 9,003 acres | ........................... | ........................... | 9,003 | ........................... | |
Department of Justice........| California | 8 | 151.74 acres | 44.04 acres | ........................... | ........................... | 107.7 acres | |
| Kansas | 1 | 768.21 acres | ........................... | 763.21 | ........................... | ........................... | |
| Virginia | 2 | 1,540.4 acres | 1,540.4 acres | ........................... | ........................... | [4] | |
Department of the Interior...| California | (?) | 22,966,613 acres | 944,165 acres | 1,075,552 | 1,120 | 20,908,591 acres | 37,185 acres. |
| Kansas | (?) | 48,712 acres | ........................... | 103 | ........................... | 37,612 acres | 10,997 acres. |
| Virginia | (?) | 246,406 acres | 196,196 acres | ........................... | 7,198 | 43,012 acres | |
Department of Agriculture....| California | 36 | 19,978,694.1 acres | 218 acres | ........................... | ........................... | 19,978,476.1 acres | |
| Kansas | 12 | 2,450 square feet | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | 2,450 square feet | |
| | | 107,655.4 acres | | | | 107,655.4 acres | |
| Virginia | 5 | 1,416,423.8 acres | 4,118 acres | 30,000 | ........................... | 1,382,305.8 acres | |
Department of Commerce.......| California | 30 | 4,967.3 acres | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | 4,964.8 acres | 2.5 acres. |
| Kansas | ........ | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | |
| Virginia | 10 | 3,848.93 acres | ........................... | 616 | ........................... | 3,045.93 acres | 187 acres. |
Department of Health, Edu- | California | 2 | 40.101 acres | 34.501 acres | ........................... | ........................... | 5.6 acres | 82.9 acres. |
cation, and Welfare........| Kansas | 2 | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | |
| Virginia | (?) | 22.112 acres | 13.433 acres | 8.679 | ........................... | ........................... | |
Atomic Energy Commission.....| California | 2 | 34,905 acres | 11,059 acres | 681 | ........................... | 34,224 acres | |
| Kansas | ........ | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | |
| Virginia | ........ | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | |
Central Intelligence Agency..| California | 1 | 483 acres | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | 483 acres | |
| Kansas | ........ | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | |
| Virginia | 4 | 1,211 acres | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | 1,211 acres | |
125
Federal Communications | California | 2 | 7,700 square feet, | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | 7,700 square feet, | |
Commission.................| | | 190 acres | | | | 190 acres | |
| Kansas | ........ | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | |
| Virginia | (?) | 1,020 square feet | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | 1,020 square feet | |
General Services Adminis- | California | 43 | 5,185,138 square feet, | 2,664,693 square feet, | 86,084 square feet | ........................... | 885,938 square feet, | 1,548,423 square feet, |
tration....................| | | 3,478.8 acres | 41.3 acres | 3.6 acres | | 22.5 acres | 3,411 acres |
| Kansas | 7 | 409,456 square feet, | 409,956 square feet, | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | 0.46 acre |
| | | 0.8 acre | 0.34 acre | | | | |
| Virginia | 16 | 9,737,304 square feet, | 9,131,604 square feet, | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | |
| | | 0.4 acre | 0.4 acre | | | | |
Housing and Home Finances | California | 38 | 4,241.2 acres | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | 4,241.2 acres | |
Agency.....................| Kansas | 4 | 1,009.5 acres | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | 1,009.5 acres | |
| Virginia | 13 | 7,708.3 acres | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | 7,708.3 acres | |
International Boundary and | | | | | | | | |
Water Commission, United | | | | | | | | |
States and Mexico [6]......| | | | | | | | |
Tennessee Valley Authority...| California | ........ | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | |
| Kansas | ........ | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | |
| Virginia | 4 | 1,211 acres | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | 1,211 acres | |
U.S. Information Agency......| California | 2 | 1,280 acres | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | 1,280 acres | |
| Kansas | ........ | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | |
| Virginia | ........ | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | ........................... | |
Veterans Administration......| California | 10 | 2,173 acres | 982 acres | 951 acres | ........................... | 240 acres | |
| Kansas | 3 | 1,117 acres | 645 acres | 472 acres | ........................... | ........................... | |
| Virginia | 2 | 687 acres | 530 acres | 157 acres | ........................... | ........................... | |
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[1] This total is 893 acres less than the total of the separate types of properties, the result of arithmetical errors.
[2] Total acreage given was 1,620 acres less than reported in jurisdictional breakdown.
[3] This total is 308 acres more than the total of the separate types of properties, resulting from an error in computation with respect to March Air Force Base, California.
[4] One installation (Greenlee) of unknown area.
[5] Does not include Bureau of Indian Affairs.
[6] No land in any of the 3 states.
126
Table III. -- California, Kansas, and Virginia
__________________________________________________________________________________________
| | Schoolchildren |
Agency | Residents |------------------------|
| | Military | Nonmilitary |
----------------------------------------------------|-----------|----------|-------------|
Department of the Treasury..........................| 181 | 40 | 32 |
Department of the Army..............................| 20,991 | 7,323 | 1,416 |
Department of the Navy..............................| 37,595 | 13,684 | 2,449 |
Department of the Air Force.........................|[1] 10,692 | 6,874 | 279 |
Department of Justice...............................| 333 | ........ | 120 |
Department of the Interior..........................| 2,132 | ........ | 524 |
Department of the Agriculture.......................| 6,431 | ........ | 1,328 |
Department of the Commerce..........................| 11 | ........ | 4 |
Department of the Health, Education, and Welfare....| 125 | ........ | 29 |
Atomic Energy Commission............................| 120 | 15 | 18 |
Central Intelligence Agency.........................| ......... | ........ | ........... |
Federal Communications Commission...................| ......... | ........ | ........... |
General Services Administration.....................| 10 | ........ | ........... |
Housing and Home Finance Agency.....................| (2) | 26,422 | 16,263 |
International Boundary and Water Commission, United | | | |
States and Mexico.................................| ......... | ........ | ........... |
Tennessee Valley Authority..........................| ......... | ........ | ........... |
United States Information Agency....................| ......... | ........ | ........... |
Veterans Administration.............................| 2,237 | ........ | 175 |
__________________________________________________________________________________________
[1] Apparently excluding dependents of Armed Forces personnel in Kansas.
[2] Number of residents not indicated in report. However, it was indicated that there were 27,154 housing units in the 3 States concerned.